AimTo determine the incidence of hypertension and its risk factors among rural men in the countryside of Fuxin, Liaoning province.MethodsA population-based sample of 13 170 men of rural Chinese adults aged ≥35 years and free from hypertension at baseline were followed from 2004 to 2006.In 2008, investigators who had collected contact information on their participants at baseline invited their participants to return to the clinic for follow-up.12 274 individuals attended the follow-up clinic examination.The response rate was 93.2%.Trained and qualified physicians conducted blood pressure measurement on the survey and data collection.Incident hypertension was defined as systolic pressure≥140 mmHg, diastolic pressure ≥90 mmHg, or current use of antihypertensive medication, according to the WHO definition of hypertension.ResultsOver a mean of 28 months of follow-up, 3 639 (29.65%) of men developed hypertension.Among men, independent predictors of incident hypertension were baseline age, Mongolian ethnicity, use of alcohol, high income, prehypertension, overweight and obesity, baseline salt intake, and family history of hypertension.The awareness, treatment and control rates for newly developed hypertension were 29.9%, 19.5% and 1.5% respectively.ConclusionThese data indicate that the incidence of hypertension is high among these rural Chinese adults and it is associated with many risk factors.Most newly developed hypertension cases are not treated.We should actively carry out health promotion, health education, healthy lifestyles, in order to prevent high blood pressure.