Interleukin-15 (IL-15), a cytokine discovered in recent years, is synthesized and secreted by a variety of cells and tissues, particularly showing high expression in skeletal muscle, and is considered as a novel myokines.IL-15 works in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue as a novel myokine, regulating the body’s metabolism of carbohydrate, fat, involving in the regulation of skeletal muscle atrophy, obesity and metabolic disorders.In particular, IL-15 also serves as an important inflammatory factor contributing to occurrence and development of atherosclerosis.It is of great significance to study the biological effects and pathophysiological significance of IL-15.