Vascular calcification is a process of arterial wall mesenchymal cells, especially smooth muscle cells, transforming into the phenotype of chondroblast and osteoblast under the effect of various pathological factors. It mediates the process of abnormal calcium deposition in the vascular wall. Vascular calcification includes various pathological types such as intimal calcification, medial calcification, and valve calcification. With the increase of aging population, especially the prevalence rate of diabetes, atherosclerosis as well as chronic kidney disease continues to rise, the vascular calcification derived from which is gradually becoming a key disease spectrum affecting the health of our people. For that reason, the thesis starts from the origin, evolution and prognosis of vascular calcification, systematically discusses some controversial and hotspot issues in the process of prognosis such as bone and blood vessel, active and passive, intimal and medial calcification, microcalcification and macrocalcification, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress and non-coding RNA.It hopes to promote the advancement of basic and clinical research on vascular calcification through the joint efforts of experts who devote in the calcification.