Human intestinal microorganisms are the collective name of all microorganisms in human digestive system. More and more studies have shown that changes in the composition and diversity of intestinal microorganisms are closely related to cardiovascular diseases. This article will discuss the correlation between intestinal microorganisms and heart failure, including the role of their metabolites (short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, trimethylamine and trimethylamine oxide) in the pathogenesis of heart failure, and explore how to precisely intervene intestinal microflora in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of heart failure patients.