Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of human death. Among them, vascular stenosis diseases account for a high proportion of cardiovascular diseases, which seriously endanger people's physical and mental health. Stent intervention is currently the most commonly used method for the treatment of vascular stenosis, but the proportion of restenosis after percutaneous intervention of coronary, carotid and peripheral arteries is very high, which seriously affects the prognosis of interventional patients. Therefore, a stable animal model can provide a tool for research and resolution of restenosis after percutaneous intervention. This article summarizes the method of creating ballon injury animal model and its application, in order to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.