Cardiopulmonary function is a powerful indicator of overall health and cardiovascular or all-cause mortality. Exercise is an important non-pharmacological treatment modality in the prevention and management of hypertension, primarily including continuous aerobic exercise, high-intensity interval training, and resistance exercise. Different exercise patterns not only contribute to blood pressure reduction in hypertensive patients, but also effectively improve cardiopulmonary function. This article provides a review of the impact of various exercise modalities, particularly aerobic exercise, on the cardiopulmonary function of hypertensive patients, aiming to offer assistance in formulating scientific exercise intervention strategies for individuals with hypertension.