Aim To observe the effects of bezafibrate on the expression of caveolin-1 and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC) induced by platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF) and investigate the mechanism of it.Methods VSMC were cultured in vitro,the proliferation of VSMC were obtained through thiazolyl blue colorimetric technique(MTT).The expression of caveolin-1 was assayed by Western Blotting.Results Compared with the control group,PDGF could increasingly induce the proliferation of VSMC(P<0.01).Bezafibrate inhibited the proliferation of VSMC induced by PDGF in concentration-dependent manner(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,PDGF could decrease caveolin-1 protein expression(P<0.01).Bezafibrate increase the expression of caveolin-1 compared with the PDGF group(P<0.01).With the increase of Bezafibrate's concentration,the expression of caveolin-1 could increase accordingly.Conclusion Bezafibrate can decrease the proliferation of VSMC induced by PDGF and increase the expression of caveolin-1 protein.