Hypertrophic cardiomyophy（HCM） is one of the most common inherited cardiomyopathy, and it is believed to be the leading cause of sudden cardiac death for teenagers and athetes. Fibrosis plays an important role in the occurrence and development of HCM. A new technique,late gadolinium enhancement （LGE） imaging appears to be helpful in the diagnosis,differential diagnosis,and risk stratification of HCM patients. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of fibrosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.