Aim To explore the relationship between hypertriglyceridemia and blood coagulation. Methods Establishing experimental animal models of endogenous and exogenous hypertriglyceridemia in rats. Determining the levels of plasma triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), blood glucose (BG) of the 12～14 h fasting rat, and observing the relationship between plasma lipids and blood platelet (PLT) count, clotting time (CT), fibrinogen (FG), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromplastin time (APTT), activity of tissue plasminogen activator (t PA) and plasminogen activator Inhibitor 1 (PAI 1). Results Feeding high carbohydrate diet (HCD)to rats for 3 and 6 days, plasma TG were 2.43 and 2.9 times of the normal dietary rats, respectively (p<0.001). BG were also 80% and 39% higher than that of control group (p<0.01). After taking high fat diet (HFD), plasma TG were 2.3 and 1.6 times of the control group, respectively (p<0.05 or p<0.001). Levels of plasma TC, HDLC in both groups were not obviously different compared with the control group. Feeding HCD and HFD for 3 and 6 days, PT and APTT were obviously shorter than that of control group (p<0.05). After taking 6 days of HCD and 3 days of HFD, FG were 84% and 122% higher than that of control group (p<0.05 or p<0.01). PAI 1 activity of HCD and HFD were higher than control groupm (p<0.01 or p<0.05). CT, PLT and t PA activity were not different compared with the control group. The correlation analysis indicated that TG was positively correlated with FG and PAI 1activity (p<0.01), and negatively correlated with PT and APTT (p<0.05). TC and BG were positively correlated with FG (p<0.01), and HDLC was positively correlated with CT and PT (p<0.01 or p<0.05). Conclusion These results suggest that increasing in triglycerides enhance the activity of clotting system and inhibit the activity of fibrinolytic system.