Aim To investigate the effect of Irbesartan and Xuefuzhuyutang in carotid artery vascular remodeling in the spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods 12 SHR, 12 SHR treated with Irbesartan, 12 SHR with Irbesartan and Xuefuzhuyutang, 12 wistar rats were normotensive control group. The vascular volume fraction of Collagen and the ratio of wall and cavity were determined by picrosirius red and HE staining. The serum concentrations of procollagen type Ⅰ (PCⅠ) and procollagen type Ⅲ (PC Ⅲ) were measured by specific radioimmunoassays. Results Significant Fibrosis exists in carotid artery of SHR. After 20 week's Irbesartan treating, the vascular volume fraction of collagen and the ratio of wall/cavity were descended (8.19±0.40, 8.35±0.42 vs 9.64±0.41, 14.71±0.52, p<0.05), the effect with Irbesartan and Xuefuzhuyutang was better than the effect with Irbesartan only (6.17±0.38, 7.63±0.53 vs 8.19±0.40, 8.35±0.42, p<0.05). Baseline serum PCⅠ, PCⅢ and the ratio of PCⅠ/Ⅲ were increased in SHR (167.4±18.7, 64.6±7.6, 2.6±0.3 vs 83.6±10.1, 45.3±5.6, 1.82±0.21, p<0.05). The correlation between PCⅠ with volume fraction of collagen was positive (r=0.385, p<0.05), PCⅢ and the ratio of PCⅠ/Ⅲ with volume fraction of collagen were no significantly correlation in the SHR (r=0.089 and 0.107, p>0.05). Conclusion Xuefuzhuyutang was beneficial to reverse artery vascular collagen remodeling, and the serum concentration of PCⅠ can indicate the significance of the carotid artery vascular collagen remodeling in SHR.