Aim To establish insulin resistant hypertensive rat model and investigate the effects of insulin resistance and serum leptin level on serum lipids. Methods Male Spraque-Darley rats were fed on high fructose diet and the levels of blood pressure, serum insulin, leptin, triglyceride, total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured. The HOMA model was used to evaluate insulin resistance. The relationships between each parameters were analyzed. Results At the end of 8 weeks,in high fructose fed rats, blood pressure, serum insulin level and insulin resistance were significantly higher than those in control group, following hyperleptinemia and dislipidemia. In high fructose-fed rats, insulin resistance was positively related to blood pressure, serum leptin and triglyceride, while negatively to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Also serum leptin was positively related to blood pressure, serum insulin,triglyceride and insulin resistance. Conclusions High fructose diet can induce insulin resistance, hypertension, hyperleptinemia and dislipidemia in male Spraque-Darley rats. Insulin resistance and leptin have a wide influence on lipids metabolism.