Aim To investigate the effect of reperfusion therapy on plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels and left ventricular remodeling (LVRM) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods The study group included 56 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 38 patients undergone successful early reperfusion therapy as the reperfusion group, 18 patients undergone non-successful or rejected reperfusion therapy as the non-reperfusion group. Peripheral blood samples were taken at admission, on 24 hours, 48 hours, day 7, day 14, and day 28 after admission for BNP measurement by ELISA. The indexes of LVRM include left ventricular end diastolic volume index (LVEDVI), left ventricular end systolic volume index (LVESVI) and left ventricular eject fraction (LVEF) were measured by ultrasonic cardiogram on day 3～5 and day 28. △LVEDVI, △LVESVI and △LVEF were obtained by subtracting values of day 3～5 from which of day 28. Results Plasma BNP levels in patients with AMI were higher than those in health. In reperfusion group only one peak of BNP values was detected on 24 hours after admission, but two peaks of BNP values were detected in non-reperfusion group, the first peak on 24 hours and secondary peak on day 7 after admission. The reperfusion therapy can attenuate the enlarge of LVEDVI, LVESVI and improve LVEF. Conclusion The reperfusion therapy can decrease BNP levels , attenuate LVRM and improve LVEF.