Aim To acquaint with atherosclerosis(As) progress of apolipoprotein E~-knockout(ApoE~-) mouse in different periods and explore the influence of different diets on As progressof ApoE~-mice. Methods 40 ApoE~-mice with 6 week age,20 mice among them were given west food diet and 20 mice were given common diet,4 mice were randomly chosen in each group at the period of 15,19,24,28 and 36 weeks and sacrificed for pathological determination. Results As of ApoE~-mouse gradually aggravated with time passing, undergone a typical pathological course from fatty streak to atheromatous plaque;As of ApoE~-mice with high fat diet were more severe than As of ApoE~-mouse with common diet. Conclusions ApoE~-mouse was a reliable model for As research;west food diet could accelerate As pathological progress of ApoE~-mouse.