Aim To study the effect of the mutation D~(442)→G in cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene on the level of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Methods 189 normal subjects were randomly collected,cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene D~(442)→G mutation were examined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP),and the serum lipids of the subjects were determined. Results The allelic frequencies of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein 15 D~(442)→G in the group(58 subjects) with high density lipoprotein cholesterol≥1.7 mmol/L and the control(131 subjects) were 6.03% and 1.53% respectively(p<0.05),the results showed that there was statistical difference between the two groups.The level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol in the group with the cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene exon 15 D~(442)→G was higher than the control group(p<0.01). Conclusion Exon 15 D~(442)→G mutation in cholesteryl ester transfer protein is related to the elevated level of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol.