Aim To investigate the senescence and apoptosis of endothelial cells induced by angiotensinⅡ (AngⅡ). Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (hUVEC) were cultured in vitro and intervened by AngⅡ. The cell living rate was observed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT); β-gal staining and cell cycle analysis were used to identify cell aging status. Apoptotic morphologic changes and percentage of apoptosis were assayed with Hoechst33258 and were observed under fluorescent microscope; transmission electric microscopy was used to evaluate the ultra-microstructure of hUVEC; cell senescence and cell apoptosis was used to study by transmission electric microscopy. Results The cell living rate by AngⅡ-induced cells was 81.9%±4.1% of control (p<0.01), the positive cell number of β-gal staining was significantly higher in AngⅡ-induced cells than that in the control cells (80.10%±6.81% vs 0.18%±0.04%, p<0.01); the cell cycle was at G0-G1 (p<0.01), S phase and G2/M phase were a tendency to disappearance in AngⅡ-induced cells (6.62%±0.42% vs 2.12%±0.33%, p<0.01), the apoptotic cells significantly increased under fluorescent microscope and transmission electric microscopy. Conclusions Cell apoptosis is possibly an important factor for endothelial cells senescence and vascular aging.