Aim To assess the effect of postprandial triglyceride and serum level of NO,ET-1 on the endothelial function in elderly type 2 diabetic patients. Methods Subjects were assigned to two groups: the observed group of 26 fasting normotriglyceridemic elderly type 2 diabetic patients who were divided into two subgroups: subgroup 1[4 hour postprandial blood triglyceride level (TG≤2.0 mmol/l)] and subgroup 2 (TG>2.0 mmol/l)according to the level of TG±2S in control group; the healthy control group of 10 normal subjects. Total triglyceride(TG)、NO、ET-1 were measured before and 2, 4 and 6 hours after a fatty meal (600 kcal, 56%fat, 6.5%protein, 37.5%carbohydrate). Carotid IMTc、fasting FMD and 4h after the meal were measured by ultrasonography. Results 2, 4, 6 hours after a fatty meal, there was a slightly postprandial rise of TG and significant differences in TG4h between the observed group and healthy controls(P<0.05). NO/ET-1 was positively correlated with FMD and IMTc. Conclusion There are postprandial triglyceride metabolic disturbance in the elderly diabetes, which leads to compensate increasing production of NO and moment descendent of ET-1 level. The disturbance of the equilibrium between TG and NO, ET-1 which induced endothelial dysfunction may be correlated with diabetic angioplasty.