Aim To investigate the effect of perindopril and amlodipine on improving the artery stiffness in patients with hypertension.Methods Patients with primary hypertension were randomly assigned to perindopril(4 mg/d)and amlodipine(5 mg/d)regimen for 6 months(n=36 each).Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(BaPWV)was measured by an automatic brachial ankle pulse wave velocity device before treatment,after 1 month and 6 months of treatment.Results Systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP)and pulse pressure(PP)were significantly decreased in two groups(P<0.01).There were no significant changes in heart rate(HR)in two groups(P>0.05).After 1 month of treatment,BaPWV was significantly decreased in perindopril(1 572.92±230.08 cm/s)and amlodipine group(1 542.31±227.59 cm/s)compared with those before treatment(1 737.39±275.99 cm/s and 1 765.50±294.57 cm/s,respectively)(P<0.001),which also occurred after 6 months of treatment(1 484.92±226.59 cm/s and 1 432.50±217.88 cm/s,respectively)(P<0.001).And BaPWV was significantly decreased after 6 months of treatment compared with 1 month treatment in two groups(P<0.001).The changes of BaPWV in one or six months were significantly greater in amlodipine group than in perindopril group(P<0.01).The change of BaPWV was significantly greater in six months than in one month in two grops(P<0.001).Conclusion Arterial stiffness of hypertensive patients was improved post amlodipine and perindopril therapy in proportion to therapy duration.Amlodipine is superior to perindopril on improving arterial stiffness of hypertensive patients.