Aim To study the protective effect of tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside(TSG) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC) injury induced by H2O2 and explore the related mechanism of action. Methods HUVEC were treated with TSG(0.1,1,10 μmol/L) for 4 hours then exposed to 200 μmol/L H2O2 for 24 hours.Cell viability was determined by electron microscope observation and MTT assay.Gene expression of NF-κB,IκB and TNF-α were measured by RT-PCR, Protein levels were examined by Western blot and ELISA. Results Induced by H2O2,proliferation of HUVEC were inhibited.After treated by different concentrations of TSG,the proliferation of HUVEC were increased compared with the model group,the expression of NF-κB and TNF-α were remarkably down-regulated(P><0.01).and there were no effect for the expression of IκB. Conclusion TSG have a protective effect on the HUVEC impairment induced by H2O2,and the potential mechanism of action may be associated with downregulating the expression of NF-κB and TNF-α.