Aim To study the possible mechanism of ABCA1 signaling pathway about atherosclerosis rats by Guanxinkang treament. Methods The SD atherosclerosis model rats were build by given high fat diet and vitamin D3,and the atherosclerosis rats were randomly divided into model group,Guanxinkang group and simvastatin group,and the normal SD rats were used as a control group.Each group were given drugs and normal saline for 30 days.Serum lipids were tested by automatic biochemical analyzer,aortic pathology were observed by HE staining,LXRα and ABCA1 gene expression were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results Compared with model group,serum LDL levels were reduced significantly in Guanxinkang group(P><0.05),cholesterol levels were declined in Guanxinkang group,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).The rats thoracic aortic atherosclerotic plaques block formation were decreased in Guanxinkang group.Furthermore,LXRα and ABCA1 gene expression of the aortic were significantly increased in Guanxinkang group(P><0.05).Compared with the simvastatin group,blood lipid and LXRα and ABCA1 gene expression were similar in Guanxinkang group(P>0.05). Conclusion Guanxinkang inhibited atherosclerosis progression by decrease of serum LDL levels,up-regulation of aortic LXRα and ABCA1 gene expression in atherosclerosis rats.