Aim To investigate the expression of angiotentionⅡ type 2 receptor(AT2) and the effect of rosuvastatin on it after vascular balloon injury in rats. Methods Rat models of aortic endothelial denudation were established by 2F balloon catheters.Rats were randomly allocated into three groups: control group,vascular balloon injury group and rosuvastatin treatment group.The expression of AT2 mRNA and protein were investigated at day 14 and 28 after injury by reverse transcription-polymerse chain reaction(RT-PCR) technique and immunohistochemistry method,respectively. Results Significant intimal thickening was observed at 14 days and 28 days after injury.Rosuvastatin significantly prevented intimal thickening at 14 days and 28 days after balloon injury.The expression of AT2 mRNA and protein increased significantly at 14 days and 28 days after injury(P><0.05),and they increased obviously after rosuvastatin treatment(P><0.05). Conclusion The expression of AT2 mRNA and protein increased significantly after endothelial injury,and rosuvastatin upregulated the expression of AT2.