Aim To evaluate condition of lipid metabolism in the population of north areas of Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province,and describe the epidemiological characteristics of people with dyslipidemia.Methods According to 2007 China adult dyslipidemia guidelines,a prevalence survey with stratified random sampling method in 3298 persons was carried out.Results The detection rate of dyslipidemia was 33.54%,standardized rate was 32.11%.The incidence rates of hypercholesterolemia was 8.13%,standardized rate was 7.48%.The incidence rates of hypertriglyceridemia was 16.89%,standardized rate was 15.40%.The incidence rate of lower high density lipoprotein(HDL)was 19.77%,standardized rate was 19.72%.The prevalence of dyslipidemia had no difference between urban and rural areas,but there was significant difference in sex.The prevalence of dyslipidemia,hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia had trend of increasing with age growing.Smoker and drinker had significantly higher rate of dyslipidemia.Diabetes and hypertension groups also showed a higher rate of dyslipidemia.After Logistic analysis on dyslipidemia,the risk factors included gender,body mass index(BMI),hypertension,diabetes and education.Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia in the north areas of Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province is relatively high.Prevention and treatment of blood fat should be made according to the gender,hypertension,diabetes,obesity condition and education level.