Aim To observe clinical treatment effect and prognosis of the emergency intervention and elective intervention treatment in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) patients.Methods Clinical data of 524 patients with STEMI were retrospectively analysed,including 471 patients diagnosed in the emergency percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) time window,who received emergency treatment,and 53 cases diagnosed beyond the emergency intervention,who received the conventional conservative treatment for 7 to 10 days before PCI.Left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) 7 days and six months after PCI,recurrent infarction rehospitalization within a year follow-up period,mortality rate at 30 days and a year,were observed and compared between the two groups.Results LVEF of emergency PCI group 7 days(52.3%±7.5% vs 48.2%±6.9%)and six months(54.9%±8.2% vs 50.1%±7.1%) after PCI were significantly higher than that of elective PCI group(P<0.05);Follow-up 1 year,incidence of cardiac rupture during hospitalization,recurrent infarction rehospitalization rate,mortality rate at 30 days and a year(0.42%,6.58%,3.82% and 8.28%) decreased significantly in emergency PCI group compared with elective PCI group(3.77%,16.98%,11.32% and 18.87%).Conclusions For STEMI patients,emergency interventional treatment can rapidly improve myocardial ischemia and reperfusion,then relieve symptoms of myocardial ischemia,reduce incidence of recurrent infarction and mortality.