A long-standing association exists between elevated triglyceride levels and coronary heart disease(CHD).However,the extent to which triglycerides directly promote CHD or represent an independent factor of risk has been debated for decades. This paper aims to review the latest advances in the relationship between triglycerides and coronary heart disease from the aspects of pathophysiology and epidemiology,so as to clarify the role triglycerides play in atherogenicity and CHD.