AimTo explore difference of risk factors and coronary artery lesion between Han nationality and Uygur nationality female patients with premature coronary heart disease.Methods490 case of female patients(age≤55 years) clinical data were analyzed retrospectively in our hospital.The coronary artery lesions were evaluated by the dominant type of coronary vessel, location, count, type and Gensini scores.ResultsCompared with the Han group, Uygur group had higher prevalence rate of diabetes, but lower prevalence rate of hypertension (p<0.05).The incidences of left circumflex branch and three-vessel lesion were significantly higher in uygur group than those of Han group（53.8% vs 34.0%,p<0.01;30.3% vs 14.0%, p<0.01）, and the incidences of single-vessel lesion were lower（45.5% vs 67.0%,p<0.01）.The rate of type A was the highest in both Han and Uygur groups.Compared with the Han group, the rate of type A was lower（55.9% vs 72.0%,p<0.001）, and the rate of type B was higher in Uygur group（27.6% vs 16.0%,p<0.05）.Gensini scores of Uyger group was significantly higher than that of Han group(33.8±28.6 vs 21.5±19.5,p<0.01).ConclusionThe main risk factors of female premature coronary heart disease are different between Uygur patients and Han patients, diabetes is the main risk factor in Uygur patients, while hypertension in the Han patients.Severity of coronary artery lesions in Uygur patients is significantly more serious than that in Han patients.