AimTo investigate the effect of low-dose aspirin on kidney in diabetic rats and discuss possible mechanism.MethodsMale SD rats were injected streptozotocin (STZ) 30 mg/kg by tail intravenous for establishing the type 1 diabetes animal model, which were randomly divided into diabetes model group and 9 mg/kg aspirin i.e. acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) treatment group, and other 8 healthy male SD rats were included into the control group.The rats took medicine by irrigation stomach for 12 weeks, then their fasting blood glucose, blood urea and serum creatinine, and urine protein content were inspected, kidney tissue pathology microstructure was inspected by HE dyeing method, and Caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 expression was detected by immunohistochemical method.ResultsCompared with the normal control group rats, in diabetes model rats, the content of fasting blood glucose, blood urea,serum creatinine and urine protein was increased, glomerular atrophy was more obviously, kidney tissues Caspase-3 and Bax express were enhanced, meanwhile kidney tissues Bcl-2 expression and Bcl-2/Bax ratio were decreased; in ASA treatment rats, the above indexes were improved.ConclusionLow-dose aspirin has protective effect in diabetic rats kidney, which may regulate the expression of cell apoptosis related protein.