Cardiac rehabilitation is a comprehensive program, which mainly focuses on disease evaluation, cardiovascular risk factors controlling, medication therapy, psychological intervention and patient education. Although the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation have been widely evidenced, its mechanism is still not completely clarified. Nowadays, the protective role of endothelial progenitor cells for cardiovascular disorders has been proved, and accumulating evidence showed that cardiac rehabilitation can significantly improve the level of endothelial progenitor cells, which is likely to illustrate the profiting mechanism of cardiac rehabilitation. Thus, this article summaries the relationship of cardiac rehabilitation and endothelial progenitor cells aiming to provide a novel point to demonstrate the beneficial mechanism of cardiac rehabilitation.