Aim To explore risk factors of resistant hypertension(RH)via the method of case-control. Methods 247 cases of hospitalized patients with hypertension taking three different antihypertensive drugs including diuretics was observed. RH was selected according to the 24 h dynamic blood pressure monitoring. 247 patients were divided into two groups: 112 cases in RH group, 135 cases in non RH group. General data, fasting blood glucose(FBG）, 2 hours postprandial blood glucose(2hPBG）, triglyceride(TG）, total cholesterol(TC）, high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDLC）, low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDLC）, serum creatinine(SCr）, blood uric acid(BUA)and blood urea nitrogen(BUN)were recorded. Left ventricular end-diastolic interventricular septal thickness(IVST)was measured by color ultrasound. Description analysis, chi-square test, t test and Logistic regression statistical analysis method were used to analyze the data. Results Body mass index(BMI）, SCr, TG, TC, HDLC, estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)and IVST had significant difference between RH group and non RH group(P<0.05, P<0.01）. After correction of gender, age, BMI and disease duration, Logistic regression analysis and ROC curve analysis showed that IVST, mean arterial pressure(MAP)and eGFR had good predictability on blood pressure control, IVST was the strongest, the area under curve(AUC)of IVST, MAP, and eGFR was 0.663, 0.600 and 0.418 respectively. Conclusions IVST, MAP and eGFR are risk factors for resistant hypertension. Understanding the risk factors in patients with RH can help to reduce damage of target organ and improve the life quality of patients.