Vascular calcification is a pathologic process of calcium-phosphate deposition in the vessel wall that has been associated with aging,atherosclerotic plaque,cardiovascular disease,diabetes mellitus,chronic kidney disease,uremic arteriole and cardiac valves. However,there have not effective treatments for vascular calcification. Several of the key mechanisms involve in vascular calcification,such as markers of osteoblast and osteoclast,inhibitors of vascular calcification, matrix vesicles,micro ribonucleic acid,inbalance of calcium and phosphate homeostasis,disorder of vascular paracrine or autocrine factor,oxidant stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Focus on basic and translational medicine of vessel calcification and,thereby,reveal mechanism of vascular calcification and reduce cardiovascular risk.