Aim To analyze risk factors for vascular calcification （VC） in maintenance hemodialysis （MHD） patients. Methods We investigated the VC in 69 MHD patients in Hemodialysis Center of The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, and 67 healthy subjects were chosen as control group. Serum albumin （ALB）, calcium, phosphorus, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase （ALP）, calcium-phosphorus product and intact parathyroid hormone （iPTH） were tested. VC was semiquantitatively evaluated by plain radiographic films from abdomen, pelvis and hands. The clinic and laboratorial parameters related to VC were detected and analyzed. Results VC in MHD group was significantly higher than that in healthy group. The age, dialysis time, blood glucose, serum phosphorus, calcium-phosphorus product level were significantly higher in the patients with VC score＞3 than those with score≤ 3. Linear correlation analysis revealed that VC was correlated both with level of iPTH＜150 ng/L and ＞300 ng/L, and uncorrelated with level of iPTH between 150～300 ng/L. Conclusion The age, dialysis time, blood glucose, serum phosphorus, calcium-phosphorus product level, and iPTH can effect VC in MHD patients.