The cell-derived microparticles are produced in the process of cell activation or apoptosis, and the sources include platelets, endothelial cells, leukocytes, erythrocytes and so on. They not only are carrier mediated intercellular transfer of many kinds of bioactive substance, but also play an important role in the occurrence and development of many diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, infection disease, tumor and diabetes and so on. The characteristics of cell-derived microparticles and their relationship with the disease are reviewed in this paper.