Aim To investigate the influence of the intracranial collateral circulation on the short-term prognosis of symptomatic carotid artery stenosis after carotid artery stenting(CAS). Methods 111 patients with extracranial carotid artery stenosis were treated with stent in our hospital, the collateral circulation of patient and their rate of events at clinical end point during follow-up period were compared and analyzed. Results The patients in good collateral circulation group was 53, and in poor collateral circulation group was 58; Good collateralization was more frequently associated with serious ipsilateral ICA stenosis (≥90%), and was more obvious with the development of the anterior communicating artery (ACoA), leptomeningeal collaterals(LC)(P＜0.05) and had negative correlation with diabetes (P＝0.036); There were 2 patients with cerebral hemorrhage after CAS, and all of them were in good collateral circulation group; All patients were followed up for 1 year,and 3 cases of recurrent cerebral infarction were in poor collateral circulation group; The scores of NIHSS and mRS in good collateral circulation group were significantly lower than those of poor collateral circulation group before and after 1 year. Conclusion Good collateral circulation can improve the neurological function of symptomatic carotid stenosis patients, and may be a protective factor for ipsilateral stroke during clinical follow-up.