Apolipoprotein CⅢ (ApoCⅢ) not only participates in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis cardiovascular diseases(ASCVD) through lipid metabolism disorders, but also has been recognized as an independent factor of inflammatory and atherosclerosis. Clinical studies have found that ApoCⅢ was linked with cardiovascular disease(CVD), and its cellular effects related with CVD are also confirmed in basic research. Fortunately, in addition to traditional therapeutic strategies, such as lifestyle changes and lipid-lowering drug treatments, antisense oligonucleotides specifically targeting ApoCⅢ mRNA have opened the door to a new era of reducing ApoCⅢ and the treatment of CVD. Therefore, this paper summarizes the clinical significance of ApoCⅢ and the future treatment direction.