Aim To systematically evaluate the correlation between sleep duration and incidence risk of hypertension, and provide scientific basis for prevention and control of hypertension. Methods From Embase, Pubmed, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang database, screening the cross-sectional study of the correlation between sleep duration and hypertension from March 2012 to September 2018. Then the related data were evaluated and extracted. Publication bias was evaluated, and sensitivity and Meta-analyses were conducted with Stata12.0. Results A total of 17 studies were collected where 959 358 cases were included. The Meta-analysis showed that short sleep duration was associated with a higher risk of hypertension, the risk of hypertension increased by 55% when sleep duration<7 h (OR 1.55,95%CI 1.28～1.87, P<0.001). No evidence suggested any relation between higher risk of hypertension and the sleep duration>7 h (OR 1.2,5%CI 0.78～1.32, P>0.05). By subgroup analysis, it was found that different regional populations and different definitions of sleep duration were the major sources of heterogeneity. Funnel charts for Begg's and Eegg's tests showed that results were not exactly the same. Sensitivity analysis indicated these results of Meta-analysis were stable.Conclusion Short sleep duration in adults increases the incidence risk of hypertension, but long sleep duration is not associated with risk of hypertension.