Since December 2019, corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) break out, and the outbreak has spread rapidly all over the world. In addition to respiratory symptoms, COVID-19 has damage to the cardiovascular system in some cases. And the patients with underlying cardiovascular diseases lead to increased mortality. SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the family of coronaviridae, subfamily coronovirinae, β-coronavirus. The sequence identity between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) has 79.5% homology, and SARS-CoV-2 uses the same cell entry receptor, receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), as SARS-CoV. The type Ⅱ alveolar cells expressing ACE2 are the main target cells for SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand the cardiovascular system damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 and its related mechanism for the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and drug and the reduction of mortality.