Atherosclerosis (As) is a complicated chronic disease characterized by lipid deposition in the blood vessel wall, involving inflammatory and proliferative cascade of major functional cells, including smooth muscle, endothelial cells and immune cells. At present, the cognitive mechanism of atherosclerosis and the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) have been substantially improved, but the mortality rate and economic burden are still high. Long non coding RNAs(lncRNAs) is a transcription product that does not have the function of encoding proteins. It is widely involved in the regulation of cell biological functions such as cell development, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. It has been extensively studied as an important biomarker and therapeutic target in research fields such as tumor diseases and nervous system diseases. At present, a large amount of evidence indicates that lncRNAs also play an important role in the regulation pathway of atherosclerosis, which not only can further understand atherosclerosis, but also provide new directions for developing new diagnostic markers and treatments.