Aim To investigate the clinical characteristics of type 2 diabetic patients with a course of less than one year and the influencing factors of carotid intima-media thickness(C-IMT), so as to provide scientific basis for early screening and prevention of macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes(T2DM). Methods 64 patients with T2DM with the course less than one year in the outpatient department of metabolism and endocrinology were recruited. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, blood glucose, islet function, lipid profile, liver and kidney function were collected. In addition, bilateral C-IMT was detected by color doppler ultrasound and body fat was detected by dual-energy X bone densimeter. According to the results of carotid ultrasound, the patients were divided into non-subclinical atherosclerosis group(16 cases) and subclinical atherosclerosis group(48 cases). The clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared and the influencing factors of atherosclerosis were analyzed by binary Logistic regression.Results The proportion of 64 patients with subclinical was 75.0%. Compared with the non-subclinical atherosclerosis group, the subclinical atherosclerosis group had older age, a higher proportion of history of hypertension, a higher body mass index, higher blood cholesterol, higher LDL, and a higher proportion of metabolic syndrome(P＜0.05). The correlation analysis showed that age was positively correlated with the thickness of the medial membrane(r＝0.32, P＜0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=1.10) and male(OR=9.24) were risk factors for subclinical atherosclerosis(P＜0.05). Conclusion Subclinical atherosclerosis accounts for a high proportion of patients even though the duration is not long. Type 2 diabetic patient with elderly, male or metabolic syndrome are more likely to develop atherosclerosis, so it is more important for them to screen for macrovascular lesions as early as possible.