The global incidence rate of diabetes is increasing gradually, and cardiovascular disease is one of its major complications. Interleukin-15 is a cytokine with multiple biological activities, which plays an important role in reducing inflammation, antioxidant stress, regulating lipid metabolism and improving insulin resistance. It can also significantly reduce the inflammatory reaction of vascular endothelial cell, inhibit the formation of atherosclerotic plaque, stabilize plaque, improve myocardial cell energy metabolism, reduce myocardial cell injury and apoptosis, and inhibit myocardial remodeling. This article reviews the research progress of interleukin-15 in diabetes mellitus complicated with cardiovascular disease, in order to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of diabetic cardiovascular disease.