Cardiovascular disease, especially coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, is the main cause of death in China and the world. The occurrence of coronary atherosclerosis, plaque rupture and thrombosis, as well as myocardial injury and repair process after myocardial infarction are regulated by many complex cellular and molecular signal networks.The current clinical imaging methods can assess the anatomy and perfusion of the coronary artery and heart, but they cannot accurately reflect the pathophysiological process and progression of the disease. In recent years, the development of molecular imaging technology has made the visualization and quantification of cardiovascular diseases pathological processes possible. Therefore, it has important clinical value for accurate diagnosis and prognostic judgement of cardiovascular diseases which assists clinical decision-making. This review aims to summarize the current molecular imaging research progress of acute myocardial infarction.