Aim To analyze the relationship between the levels of serum human cartilage glycoprotein 39 (YKL-40), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNFR1) and cardiac function and prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods 77 patients with AMI treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from March 2016 to October 2018 were selected as the research object (AMI group), and 77 cases undergoing health physical examination in the hospital in the same period were selected as the control group. AMI patients were followed up after discharge, and the prognosis was recorded; The follow-up time was 24 months. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT) were measured by echocardiography; Serum YKL-40 and sTNFR1 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between serum YKL-40, sTNFR1 levels and cardiac function parameters in AMI patients; The relationship between serum YKL-40, sTNFR1 levels and poor prognosis was analyzed in AMI patients; The risk factors affecting the poor prognosis of AMI patients were analyzed by COX regression. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of serum YKL-40, sTNFR1, LVEDD and LVPWT were significantly increased, and LVEF was significantly decreased in AMI group (P＜0.05). With the increase of cardiac function grade in AMI patients, the levels of serum YKL-40 and sTNFR1 increased gradually (P＜0.05). The levels of serum YKL-40 and sTNFR1 were negatively correlated with LVEF and positively correlated with LVEDD and LVPWT in AMI patients (P＜0.05).In AMI patients, the incidences of poor prognosis in high-level YKL-40 group and high-level sTNFR1 group were higher than those in low-level group (P＜0.05). Multivariate COX analysis showed that the type and location of myocardial infarction and the levels of serum YKL-40 and sTNFR1 were risk factors for poor prognosis in AMI patients (P＜0.05). Conclusion The levels of serum YKL-40 and sTNFR1 are related to cardiac function and poor prognosis in AMI patients, which may be potential biomarkers to evaluate the prognosis of AMI patients.