Atherosclerosis (As) is a key factor in the primary lesions of macrovascular diseases, and dyslipidemia plays a very important role in the process of As. At present, a large number of studies at home and abroad have shown that atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is closely related to cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis and other chronic diseases. It is considered that AIP, as a new comprehensive blood lipid index, has predictive value for early cardiovascular risk, metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, immune-related diseases and other common clinical diseases. The purpose of this review is to summarize the clinical research progress of AIP.