Aim To study the anticoagulant effect of rivaroxaban, dabigatran etexilate and warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Methods 120 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation who were admitted to our department of cardiology or outpatient clinic from January 2016 to January 2018 were enrolled in this study. All patients were treated with a single anticoagulant and divided into warfarin group (40 cases), rivaroxaban group (40 cases), dabigatran group (40 cases), receiving drug treatment for 6 months, and comparing embolization events, bleeding events, blood routine, liver and kidney function and thromboelastography indicators during treatment. Results After 6 months of treatment, the incidence of embolization events in the rivaroxaban group and dabigatran group was significantly lower than that in the warfarin group (P＜0.05); There was no significant difference in the rivaroxaban group and dabigatran group (P＞0.05). It can be seen that rivaroxaban and dabigatran etexilate are more helpful in preventing embolism. There were no significant differences in bleading incidence rate, blood routine parameters (white blood cell count, platelet count, hemoglobin) and liver and kidney function indexes (SCr, ALT, BUN) among the three groups at pre-treatment and 6 months after treatment (P＞0.05). The R,Kü and MA values of thrombus elasticity index in rivaroxaban group and dabigatran group were significantly higher than those in warfarin group (P＜0.05); There was no significant difference in R value,Kü value and MA value between the rivaroxaban group and the dabigatran group after 6 months (P＞0.05). Conclusion Compared with warfarin, rivaroxaban and dabigatran etexilate have better anticoagulant effects in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation, which decrease embolization events but have no obvious effect on liver and kidney function and blood routine with high safety.