Aim To investigate the association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a substitute marker of insulin resistance, and the risk of stroke. Methods The data were obtained from the baseline survey of Tianjin region in the Cohort Study on Chronic Disease of Communities Natural Population in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei in 2017—2018.Data were collected by questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory examination. The case group and control group were matched 1∶1 according to the same gender and age ±2 years. Conditional Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between TyG index and risk of stroke. Results A total of 536 patients were included in the analysis. The TyG index in the case group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.000 1). Multivariate conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with individuals with TyG index＜8.38, the OR(95%CI) for stroke in the 8.38≤TyG index＜8.7,8.67≤TyG index＜9.10, TyG index≥9.10 were 1.13(0.1,2.10), 1.47(0.8,2.74), 2.24(1.6,4.72). Conclusion TyG index was an independent risk factor for stroke. With the increase of TyG index, the risk of stroke increased gradually.