Abstract:Aim To observe the influence of fluvastatin on expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in rats with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to investigate the mechanism of statin on improving left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction. Methods 47 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into AMI group,AMI+fluvastatin group,the sham-operated group (sham) and the sham-operated+fluvastatin group. AMI was established by ligation of the anterior descending coronary artery in rats,fluvastatin was fed to AMI+ fluvastatin group and sham+ fluvastatin group by 10 mg/(kg·d) for 4 weeks while the AMI group and the sham group left untreated,then the hemodynamic parameters and mass index of left ventricular and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 were detected. Results The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP)were low in the sham-operated group and the sham-operated+fluvastatin group,and there were no significant difference ( P>0.05). Compared with the shams,the production of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure were all increased in the AMI group and AMI+ fluvastatin group (P<0.05),and these indexes were increased significantly in the AMI group than those in the AMI+ fluvastatin group (P<0.05). Compared with the sham-operated group and the sham-operated+fluvastatin group,left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP) and the maximal rate of rise and fall (±dp/dtmax)of left ventricular pressure in the AMI group and AMI+ fluvastatin group were all decreased (P<0.05),moreover,these indexes decreased significantly in AMI group than those in AMI+ fluvastatin group (P<0.05). The mass index of the left ventricular in each group showed no significant difference ( P>0.05). Conclusions Fluvastatin can inhibit the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 to prevent ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in rats and improve cardic function.

Abstract:Aim To investigate the characteristic of cardiac nerve and its influence of ventricular arrhythmias in diabetic rabbit after myocardial infarction. Methods New Zealand rabbits were fed with high-fat/high-sucrose diet in the first two months and then injected with alloxan (80 mg/kg of body weight) via the marginal ear vein to make diabetes mellitus; All alive rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:the diabeties and myocardial infarction group,the diabeties group and the control group. Left anterior descending branch was ligated to induce myocardial infarction model. After electrophysiological recordings,immunostaining was applied to detect the shape and density of ventricular nerve fibers. Results In the diabeties and myocardial infarction group,ventricular arrhythmias were increased compared with those in the diabeties group (85.7% vs 50%,P<0.05). The densities of TH positive nerve fibers were significantly higher in the diabeties and myocardial infarction group than in the diabeties group (P<0.05),and the distribution in the diabeties and myocardial infarction group was more chaotic. Conclusions There were cardiac neural remolding in diabetic rabbit' heart after myocardial infarction and partly associated with the post MI ventricular arrhythmias.

Abstract:Aim To investigate the effects of chronic intrauterine hypoxia(CIH) on endothelium vascular relaxation and pathological change in adult offspring rabbit. Methods Sixteen New-Zealand rabbits were assigned randomly to two groups:CIH group (12%O2,n=8) and normal oxygen group (21%O2,n=8). After delivery,two male offspring rabbits per litter were selected and breast-fed for 3 months. Then they were randomly separated into high-fat diet and normal diet respectively. Thus 4 groups were got as follow:CIH with high fat diet (CIH+HFD,n=8),Non-CIH with high fat diet (NCIH+HFD,n=8),CIH with normal diet (CIH+ND,n=8) and normal control (n=8). At sixth months of age,offspring rabbits were evaluated for endothelium vascular relaxation of the abdominal aorta by ultrasonoscopy. Abdominal aorta was then taken out and observed by electron microscope and lightmicroscope. Results CIH could result in a series of effects in adult rabbit offspring,such as elevated serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) level,and attenuated endothelial dependent vasodilation(EDV) of abdominal aorta (P<0.05). There were relevant pathological changes in different groups. All these influences caused by CIH were aggravated significantly when hyperlipemia was imposed (P<0.05). Conclusions CIH cause impaired EDV in adult offspring,which might serve as an important factor that can induce atherosclerosis. The adult offspring rabbit which have ever undergone chronic hypoxia in utero were more sensitive to the impairment of high-fat diet.

Abstract:Aim To investigate the mechanism of ezetimibe-induced cholesterol efflux by observing the effect of ezetimibe on ATP binding cassettet transporter A1 and Liver X Receptor α in lipid-loaded cells derived from vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC). Methods Lipid-loaded cell model was established with the mix of 20 mg/L Chol∶MβCD treating VSMC. Lipid-loaded cells were treated with different concentration of ezetimibe(3,10,30 μmol/L)for 24 hours respectively,and 30 μmol/L ezetimibe was selected for lipid-loaded cell treatment of different time respectively (0,6,12,24,48 h). ATP binding cassettet transporter-A1 mRNA was detected by reverse transcription PCR(RT-PCR) and the protein expression of Liver X Receptor α was examined by Western-blotting. Results (1) With different concentration of ezetimibe treated lipid-loaded cells,the mRNA expression of ATP binding cassettet transporter-A1 increased with concentration. Compared with the model group,the 30 μmol/L ezetimibe-treated group (24 h ) had a 3.4 folds rising. Treated with 30 μmol/L ezetimibe for different time(0,6,12,24,48 h),the mRNA expression of ATP binding cassettet transporter-A1 had a time dependant trend reaching plateau at 24 h and the best concentration was 30 μmol/L. (2) With different concentration of ezetimibe treated lipid-loaded cells,the protein expression of Liver X Receptor α increased with rising concentration. Compared with the model group,the 30 μmol/L ezetimibe-treated group(24 h) had an increase of more than 2 folds. Treated with 30 μmol/L ezetimibe for different time(0,6,12,24,48 h),the protein expression of Liver X Receptorα had a time dependant trend with 24 h reaching plateau and the best time was 24h. Conclusion Ezetimibe promotes cellular cholesterol efflux in lipid-loaded cells derived from VSMC by up-regulating Liver X Receptorα and ATP binding cassettet transporter-A1 expression.

Abstract:Aim To observe the effect of resveratrol on the change of myocardial interstitial collagen,the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) in atherosclerotic rabbits. Methods Thirty-three New Zeland white rabbits were randomly divided into normal control group,model group and resveratrol intervention group. The change of myocardial interstitial collagen and the collagen volume fraction were measured. The expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 were assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results Compared with control group,the collagen of model group increased,thickened and arranged irregularly in the myocardial interstitial. The collagen volume fraction and the expressions of MMP-2 increased,the expression of TIMP-2 reduced (P<0.01). Resveratrol intervention can significantly reduce these changes above. Conclusion There was a phenomenon that myocardial fibrosis,MMP-2 expression increased,TIMP-2 expression reduced in the progress of atherosclerosis,resveratrol can regulate the imbalance of MMP-2/ TIMP-2 expression and improve myocardial fibrosis.

Abstract:Aim To explore the effect of Rosiglitazone on aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration in rat. Methods Smooth muscle cells were cultured from rat aorta using explant technique and identified with α-actin in cytoplasm by immunocytochemistry. The fifth passage cells were made synchronized by serum starvation. Then the cells were induced to proliferate and migrate with platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) or basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) (20 μg/L) in the presence or absence of Rosiglitazone(1,5,10 μmol/L) pretreated before. The proliferating cell nuclearantigen (PCNA) expression in nuclear was examined by immunocytochemistry. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed using flow cytometry. Cell migration was measured with Boyden-Chamber. Results PCNA expression in nucleus of smooth muscle cells,cell cycle transition from G0/G1 phase to S phase and cell migration induced by PDGF-BB or bFGF were significantly inhibited by Rosiglitazone in a dose-dependent manner( P<0.0001). Conclusion Rosiglitazone has inhibitory influence on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration induced by PDGF-BB or bFGF.

Abstract:Aim To explore the effect of Ginseng polysauharides on changes of lipid peroxidation in hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury and its mechanism. Methods 30 rabbits were randomly divided into control group,ischemia-reperfusion (IR) group and Ginseng polysauharides group. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT),superoxide dismutase (SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),xanthine oxidase(XO),malondialchehyche (MDA) were recorded,and the liver organizational structure change were observed under the light microscope. Results In IR group,the plasma SOD,GSH-Px activity declined gradually 45 minutes after ischemia and this phenomenon continued for 45 minutes after reperfusion. The activity of ALT,XO and the content of MDA clearly increased. In Ginseng polysauharides group,the plasma SOD,GSH-Px activity had no prominent decline; the activity of ALT,XO and content of MDA had no obvious increase,especially when 45 minutes after reperfusion,the SOD activity was much higher,and the ALT and XO activity,content of MDA were much lower than that in IR group of the same period (P<0.01). The SOD and GSH-Px activity of IR group in liver increased compared with control group,but decreased in Ginsen polysauharide group compared with IR group (P<0.01). The XO activity and the MDA content of the IR group in liver decreased compared with control group,but increased in Ginsen polysauharide group compared with IR group (P<0.05 or 0.01). In IR group,the morphology structure of hepatic cell obviously abnormal,but in Ginseng polysauharides group,relatively mild injury occurred to the hepar. Conclusion Ginseng polysauharides can reduce the activity of XO and suppress the production of oxygen-derived free radicals; tone up antioxidase like SOD,GSH-Px and suppress lipid peroxidization,thus effectively reduce the injury caused by hepatic ischemia reperfusion.

Abstract:Aim To observe the effects of atorvastatin in vivo on tissue factor (TF),and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in peripheral blood monocytes and plasma from atherosclerotic rabbits. Methods Eighteen male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into normal diet group(n=6),high-cholesterol diet group(1% cholesterol diet,n=12). After 8 weeks,hypercholesterolemic rabbits were randomly fed with starch (n=6,starch group) or atorvastatin (n=6,atorvastatin group). Four weeks later,all rabbits were killed,aortas were removed under deep anesthetization,and monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood monocytes from these rabbits,then cultured for up to 24 hours. TF and TNF-α antigens in culture medium,cells and plasma were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Atherosclerotic lesions were measured by experienced pathologist under Beihang Pathology Imaging Analysis System in aortas from atherosclerotic rabbits. Results Compared with normal diet group,levels of TF (P<0.01) and TNF-α(P<0.01) were elevated in the plasma,peripheral blood monocytes and its culture medium from highcholesterol diet groups. The levels of TF and TNF-α in peripheral blood monocytes and plasma from atherosclerotic rabbits,and the area of atherosclerotic lesions were reduced in atorvastatin treated groups (all P<0.01). The area of atherosclerotic lesions were significantly associated with the concentrations of TF and TNF-α(P<0.01),respectively. Conclusions Atorvastain in vivo reduced TF and TNF-α levels in plasma and peripheral blood monocytes from atherosclerotic rabbits,and thus contribute to their antiatherosclerotic effect. Circulating monocyte/macrophages are a major original source of plasma TF and TNF-α.

Abstract:Aim To evaluate the hepatic security of combination therapy of probucol and atorvastatin. Methods 92 spontaneously hypertensive rats were randomized into 5 groups:control group fed with normal diet,High lipids group,atorvastatin group,probucol group and combination therapy group all fed with high lipids diet. At the same time,probucol group [probucol 150 mg/(kg·d)],atorvastatin group [atorvastatin 10 mg/(kg·d)],and combination therapy group [probucol plus atorvastatin] were administrated drugs. After 8 weeks,all rats were killed. Serum TC,TG,LDLC,hs-CRP and ALT,AST levels were measured after experiment. At last liver pathological sections were observed on fatty degeneration and inflammation degree. Above indexes were compared inter-groups. Results ①Serum TC and LDL-C levels in every groups with high lipids diet were higher than control group(P<0.01). Combination therapy group were obviously lower than probucol group(P<0.01)and atorvastatin group(P<0.01). ② Serum hs-CRP,ALT and AST levels in high lipids group were obviously higher than control group(P<0.01),and combination therapy group were obviously lower than high lipids group and atorvastatin group(P<0.01). ③ Every group with high lipids diet had fatty degeneration,and the degrees of fatty degeneration in high lipids group were severe,yet in combination therapy group were better than atorvastatin group and probucol group(P<0.05). ④The scores of inflammation degree in combination therapy group were lower than high lipids group and atorvastatin group (P<0.01). Conclusion ① High lipids diet may lead to the disorder of serum lipids and inflammatory factors,the damage of hepatic function,even hepatocyte fatty degeneration and necrosis. ② Combination therapy of probucol and atorvastatin may lighten the disorder of serum lipids and inflammatory factors,and decrease obvious hepatocyte fatty degeneration and necrosis degree caused by high lipids diet,and the effects were better than that of monotherapy. ③ Combination therapy may decrease obviously the damage of hepatic function caused by high lipids diet,even reduce the hepatic negative effects of atorvastatin.

Abstract:Aim To study the effect of astragaloside on mRNA expression and protein production of inflammatory cytokines,including TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and IL-10,in Viral Myocarditis in Mice with CVB3. Methods Fifty Balb/c mice were randomized into five groups (n=10):normal control group,given 0.1 mL of EMEM by intraperitoneal injection,were teated with saline 0.1 mL with gavage after 30 minites of injection for 1 week; viral myocarditis control group,inoculated intraperitoneally with 0.1 mL of 1×102 TCID50 CVB3 diluted in Eagle's minimal essential medium (EMEM) solution were given saline 0.1 ml with gavage after 30 minites of injection for 1 week; astragaloside low-dose intervention group,middle-dose intervention group and high-dose intervention group,inoculated intraperitoneally with 0.1 mL of 1×102 TCID50 CVB3 diluted in EMEM were treated with 1%,3%,9% astragaloside [0.07,0.2 and 0.6 mg/(kg·d)],respectively) 0.1 mL solution after 30 minites of injection,respectively with gavage for 1 week. After fourteen days,the mice were sacrificed and their hearts were taken and cut into two equal parts:one was used to determine mRNA expression of cardiac cytokines by RT-PCR and another was used to measure protein production of cytokines by Western blot. Results No expression of inflammatory cytokines mentioned above was found in normal control group. In viral myocarditis control group,both of these cytokines markedly increased (P<0. 01). Compared with viral myocarditis control group,the high-dose astragaloside group displayed significant reduction of mRNA expression and protein production of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6,and marked increase of IL-10 mRNA expression and protein production (P<0. 01). Conclusion Astragaloside markedly reduced pro inflammatory cytokines,and increased inflammation preventing cytokine. The mechanism needs to be elucidated.

Abstract:Aim To examine the relationship between ankle brachial index and the extent of coronary stenosis and evaluate the value of ankle brachial index to predict the extent of coronary stenosis in Xinjiang Uyghur patients. Methods 114 patients with coronary angiography were examined by ankle brachial index and hemostatic factors evaluation in addition to history collection. Results Ankle brachial index was inversely and significantly associated with Gensini score(r=-0.6941,P<0.001). Ankle brachial index was significantly different in all groups (P=0.000). The corresponding area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.8219,with standard error(Se) = 0.0415,(u= 7.7518,P=0.0000)in ankle brachial index in 3-vessel disease or left main coronary arterial disease. When ankle brachial index≤0.9,it had a relatively high specificity (91.76%) and sensitivity (41.38%) for predicting the presence of 3-vessel disease or left main coronary arterial disease. Conclusion In Xinjiang Uyghur patients,ankle brachial index is inversely and significantly associated with the extent of coronary stenosis,and ankle brachial index≤0.9 has relatively high specificity and sensitivity for predicting the presence of 3-vessel disease or left main coronary arterial disease.

Abstract:Aim To develop a sandwich ELISA for measuring serum β2-glycoprotein I-lipoprotein (a) complex ((β2-GPI-Lp(a)) concentration,and to explore the existence of serum complexes β2-GPI-Lp(a) and its clinical value for IgA nephropathy. Methods ELISA was established using rabbit anti-human β2-GPI antibody as the capture antibody,and quantitating with polyclonal antibody against apolipoprotein (a) enzyme conjugate. The concentrations of β2-GPI-Lp (a) complexes were studied in 50 patients with IgA nephropathy and 50 control subjects. Results Mean intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation of the assay were 6.61% and 13.02%,respectively. Linear range of the assay was between 0.33~1.83 ku/L. Serum β2-GPI-Lp(a) concentrations in IgA nephropathy were significantly higher than those of controls (1.45±0.57 ku/L vs 0.42±0.29 ku/L,P<0.01). Forty patients (80%) were found to have elevated β2-GPI-Lp(a) concentrations,whereas only two out of the fifty healthy controls had high β2-GPI-Lp(a) levels. Conclusions β2-GPI may form complexes with lipoprotein (a) in circulation. β2-GPI-Lp(a) complexes concentration was increased in patients with IgA nephropathy,suggesting its potential clinical value as a diagnostic marker for IgA nephropathy.

Abstract:Aim To investigate the role of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) in the regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) expression by peripheral blood monocyte derived macrophages (MDM) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. Methods MDM were from patients with ACS and controls have been assigned to different subgroups and incubated by different concentrations of rosiglitazone. The concentrations of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the supernate of MDM and the expression strength of PPAR-γ,MMP-9 and TIMP-1 mRNA in MDM were analysed and compared between ACS group and control group,and among the different concentrations of rosiglitazone intervention subgroups. Results After rosiglitazone interventing,either in ACS group or in control group,PPAR-γ mRNA expression were significantly upward,and there were a positive correlation between the expression strength and rosiglitazone intervention concentration; both the MMP-9 concentration in the supernate and the expression strength of MMP-9 mRNA were descended,and there were negative correlation between the extent of its descent in the ACS group and rosiglitazone concentration. There was no significant change in TIMP-1 concentration in the supernate of MDM and TIMP-1mRNA expression after rosiglitazone interventing. Conclusion MDM had endogenous PPAR-γ receptor,and it could be activated by rosiglitazone. Rosiglitazone intervention significantly increased the expression of PPAR-γ of MDM,reduced the expression of MMP-9,particularly in the ACS group. TIMP-1 expression was not affected. There may be impact of stablizing atherosclerotic plaque.

Abstract:Aim To probe the effect of blood pressure on hemodynamic indexes in cerebral vascular and carotid vascular by vascular ultrasound. Methods 225 patients with essential hypertension who accompanied with carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque,were divided into mild hypertension group (n=30),moderate hypertension group (n=61),and severe hypertension group (n=129),according to the controlled blood pressure. Meanwhile 94 patients with normal blood pressure who were not accompanied with hyperglycaemia,hyperlipemia and carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque,were chosen as the control group. The average blood flow rate (Vm) and pulsatility index (PI) of middle cerebral artery (MCA),anterior cerebral artery (ACA),postrior cerebral artery (PCA) and vertebral artety (VA) were detected by transcranial Doppler (TCD). The average blood flow rate and pulsatility index of common carotid artery,internal carotid artery and vertebral artery were detected by colour Doppler ultrasonography. Results (1) 24 h ambulatory blood pressure showed the blood pressure in hypertension groups were significantly increased compared with control group (P<0.05). (2) TCD showed the Vm and PI of cerebral artery in hypertension groups significantly differed from control group (P<0.05); and the Vm of cerebrovascular in hypertension groups was decreased with increasing the blood pressure,but PI was increased. (3)Colour Doppler ultrasonography showed the Vm and PI of carotid artery in hypertension groups significantly differed from control group (P<0.05); and the Vm of carotid artery in hypertension groups was decreased with increasing the blood pressure,but PI was increased. Conclusion The blood pressure affected the cerebral vascular and carotid vascular hemodynamic indexes. The trend of vascular hemodynamic indexes was getting severe as blood pressure elevated. In terms of cerebral and carotid vascular hemodynamic indexes,ideal blood pressure should be lower than 140/90 mmHg. The change of cerebral and carotid vascular can be objectively evaluated using TCD and colour Doppler ultrasonography. And we can provide the evidence for the clinical diagnose and cure.

Abstract:Aim To observe the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque in patients with hypertension and insulin resistance. Furthermore to investigate the correlation between asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with insulin resistance. Methods Sixty patients with essential hypertension were recruited. According to the level of homeostasis model assessment (HOMA),thirty-five patients were classified as essential hypertension with insulin resistant (EH with IR),and twenty-five as essential hypertension without insulin resistant (EH without IR). Another 20 healthy individuals were selected as the control groups. HOMA-IR was calculated as a measure of insulin resistance. Serum concentrations of ADMA levels were measured by the high-performance liquid chromatography method. Carotid IMT and plaque were measured by high-resolution ultrasonography. Result Common carotid artery IMT(CCA-IMT) in patients of EH with IR were higher than those in EH without IR and controls (P<0.05,P<0.01),the incidence of carotid plaques was also higher than that in controls (P<0.05). Serum levels of ADMA were significantly increased in EH with IR as compared with those in EH without IR and controls (P<0.01),the levels of ADMA in EH without IR were much higher than those in controls (P<0.01). In patients with hypertension,both CCA-IMT and serum levels of ADMA had positive correlations with insulin resistance (r=0.306 and r=0.370,P<0.01). Serum levels of ADMA closely correlated with the CCA-IMT (r=0.381,P<0.01),and this correlation remained significant even on multiple regression analysis. Conclusion Increased serum ADMA level may play a role in progression of early atherosclerosis in patients of hypertension with insulin resistance.

Abstract:Aim To investigate changes of the level of serum soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) in the patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) so as to know if sCD40L can be as a serum marker of plaque vulnerability,and explore the relationship of sCD40L with the traditional risk factors of coronary heart disease (CHD) and its clinical value in early diagnosis of ACS. Methods All the cases of CHD and non-CHD were divided into acute myocardial infarction (AMI) group (n=34),unstable angina (UA) group (n=31) ,stable angina (SA) group (n=30) and non-coronary artery disease (NCAD) group (n=40). In all these groups,the level of sCD40L was detected by the enzyme-linked immuneosorbent assay (ELISA). Results (1)The levels of sCD40L were higher in AMI group (8.02±4.03 μg/L) and in UA (8.35 ± 3.89 μg/L) than those of SA group (4.86±2.23 μg/L) and NCAD group (4.35±1.83 μg/L) (all P<0.01); the difference of sCD40L levels between SA group and NCAD group,and between UA group and AMI group,were not significant (all P>0.05). (2)The levels of sCD40L in men of four groups were higher than those of women,but the difference between men and women was no statisticly significant (P>0.05); The level of sCD40L was not correlated with body mass index,age,smoking status,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,family history of CHD (P>0.05); The level of sCD40L in patients with CHD was positively correlated with lipoproteina (Lp(a)) (r=0.567,P=0.001),negatively correlated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) (r=-0.365,P=0.0001). (3) In diagnosis of ACS,it was found that the area under ROC curve of sCD40L was 0.872,the sensitivity,specificity and validity were 82.8%,61.9 % and 85.7% respectively,which was the highest among all indexes including sCD40L and LP (a) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB). The best critical level of sCD40L was 4.58 μg/L. Conclusion The levels of sCD40L may reflect the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaque. sCD40L is an independent risk factor in CHD. In diagnosis of ACS ,sCD40L has higher sensitivity,specificity and validity.

Abstract:Aim To evaluate the possible association between PPARγ2 gene Pro12Ala polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus in a population-based study in Weifang Han population. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leucocytes of 170 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 54 normal subjects. The Prol2Ala polymorphism was screened using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results The frequencies of Pro allele and Ala allele were 0.9487 and 0.0513 respectively in 224 subjects from Han people of Weifang Chinese. The Ala allele frequency in the control group and type 2 diabetes mellitus group were 0.093 and 0.041 respectively. The Ala allele frequency in type 2 diabetes mellitus was significantly lower than that in the control group (P=0.039). Conclusion PPARγ2 gene Prol2Ala polymorphism is associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Han people of Weifang Chinese. The Ala allele confers modest protection against the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Abstract:Aim To observe effect of simvastatin on blood lipid and inflammation target in patients with unstable angina pectoris(UAP). Method Ninety-eight patients with UAP were randomly assigned into control group (n=32) treated without lipid-lowering drugs,20 mg (n=34) and 40 mg (n=32) simvastatin groups administrated simvastatin 20 mg/d and 40 mg/d respectively for 15 days. Blood levels of high sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP),nitric oxide (NO),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),creatine kinase (CK) and lipid were all detected before and after the treatment. Results On the 15th day of the trentment,the levels of hs-CRP and lipid were all reduced,especially in 40 mg/d simvastatin group. While the levels of ALT were elevated markedly in 20 mg/d and 40 mg/d simvastatin groups,but the levels of ALT did not exceed the three times of the normal levels,the levels of NO and CK were not changed. Conclusion Treatment with high dose of simvastatin for 15 days in patients with UAP could reduce inflammation and lower blood lipid safely.

Abstract:Aim To investigate the clinical features of nephrotic syndrome with pregnancy induced hypertension (NSP) and the relationship between NSP and poor pregnancy outcomes. Methods Clinical data of 35 cases with NSP (NSP group) and 121 cases with other severe pre-eclampsia (control group) were analyzed retrospectively in this hospital during January 1997 to January 2008. Blood pressure,biochemical indicators,birth weight and maternal and fetal complications were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of NSP was 0.04%. Those in NSP group were taken bad earlier than those in control group in gestation. The incidence of protein-uria in 24-hour,low albumin-emia,abdominal water,renal-function lesion,premature and maternity and fetus complication in NSP group were higher than that in control group significantly (P<0.01),and perinatal mortality in NSP group was higher than that in control group (P<0.05). Conclusions NSP often occurs early in gestation. The perinatal prognosis is poor. Early diagnosis,comprehensive therapy and pregnancy termination in time may decrease the incidence of maternity-fetus complication and improve maternal-fetal prognosis.