Abstract:Aim To explore the relationship between Id1 expression in neointima and vascular neointima hyperplasia. Methods The model of carotid arteries injured was established by catheter in mice. Kunming mouse were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group,groups of 7 day,14 day and 28 day after the injury. The vascular morphology was analyzed by HE dying. The expression of Id1 mRNA was measured by reverse transcriptase PCR,and the protein of Id1 was assessed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results The ratio of intima area to media area (IA/MA) was significantly increased in 7 day after vascular injury than that in control group (P><0.05),and further to increase on 14 day and 28 day after injury (P><0.01). The expression of Id1 mRNA in experimental groups was significantly increased than that in control group (P><0.05). The Id1 mRNA was significantly increased on 14 day than that in 7 day and 28 day after vascular injury (P><0.05). The expression of Id1 protein was similar with the expression of mRNA. The low level Id1 was detected in the uninjured vessel by the immunohistochemistry. However,Id1 staining was increased only in the medium at 7 days,enhanced significantly in medium and neointima at 14 days. However,Id1 staining was decreased at 28 days. Conclusion The Id1 expression was in the dynamic changes in the process of vascular neointema hyperplasia after vascular endothelial injury,and it maybe play a role in the neointema hyperplasia after vascular injury.

Abstract:Aim To investigate the effects of Genistein on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression in endothelial cells. Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC),which were incubated with ox-LDL(100 mg/L),were treated with different concentrations of Genistein(10,50 and 100 nmol/L) for 24 hours. Cell activities were detected by MTT method,the mRNA expression of eNOS was detected by real-time RT-PCR,the protein expression of eNOS and NF-κB was determined by Western blotting. Results Compared with control,ox-LDL decreased cell activities,down-regulated the expression of eNOS mRNA and protein,and up-regulated the expression of NF-κB protein (P><0.05). However,Genistein increased cell activities,up-regulated the expression of eNOS mRNA and protein,and down-regulated the expression of NF-κB protein (P><0.05). Furthermore,these effects were dose-dependent (P><0.05 ). Conclusion Genistein could upregulate the expression of eNOS,and downregulate the expression of NF-κB in HUVEC.

Abstract:Aim To explore the effects of angiotensinⅡon the activities of Ca²⁺+-ATPase,Na+,K+-ATPase and mRNA expression levels of the plasma membrane Ca²⁺+-ATPase isoform 1 (PMCA1) and Na+,K+-ATPase α1-subunit in cultured thoracic aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (ASMC) from Wistar-Kyoto rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods ASMC isolated from 14-week-old male Wistar-Kyoto rats and SHR were cultured,and treated with different concentrations (1×10-9,1×10-8,1×10-7 mol/L) of AngiotensinⅡ. The activities of Ca²⁺+-ATPase,Na+,K+-ATPase were measured by biochemistry and enzymology. RT-PCR assay was employed to determine the relative levels of PMCA1 and Na+,K+-ATPase α1-subunit mRNA in ASMC. Results Low and moderate concentration (1×10-9,1×10-8 mol/L) of angiotensinⅡsignificantly increased the activity of Ca²⁺+-ATPase in ASMC from Wistar-Kyoto rats(P><0.05~P><0.01),and the activity of Ca²⁺+-ATPase was positively correlated with the intervention time of angiotensinⅡ( r=0.340,0.725),reached the maximum at 24 hours,up-regulated PMCA1 mRNA level at the same time (P><0.05~P><0.01); while high concentration (1×10-7 mol / L) angiotensinⅡ inhibited Ca²⁺+-ATPase activity (P><0.05),and the activity of Ca²⁺ +-ATPase was negatively correlated with the intervention time(r=-0.348),reached the greatest effect at 24 hours,and simultaneously down-regulated PMCA1 mRNA level (P><0.05). Angiotens inⅡ(1×10-9,1×10-8,1×10-7mol/L) decreased significantly the activity of Ca²⁺ +-ATPase in ASMC from SHR (P><0.05 ～P><0.01),and the Ca²⁺ +-ATPase activity was negatively correlated with the intervention time (r=-0.346,-0.493,-0.759),had the strongest effect at 24 hours,and simultaneously attenuated PMCA1 mRNA level. Three concentration of angiotensinⅡ (1×10-9,1×10-8,1×10-7mol/L) stimulated the activity of Na+,K+-ATPase in ASMC from Wistar-Kyoto rats in turn at24 hours,12 hours,6 hours (P><0.05 ～P><0.01),and increased the activity of Na+,K+-ATPase with α1-subunit mR-NA expression promoted in a dose-dependent manner at 24 hours (P><0.05 ～P><0.01),which was positively correlated with the intervention time of angiotens inⅡ(r=0.425,0.645,0.767 ). AngiotensinⅡ (1×10-9,1×10-8mol/L) didnot affect the activity of Na+,K+-ATPase in SHR (allP>0.05),while angiotensinⅡ (1×10-7mol/L) significantly suppressed the activity of Na+,K+-ATPase,which was negatively correlated with the intervention time of angiotensinⅡ (r=-0.589),and reached maximum effect on the expression of Na+,K+-ATPaseα1-subunit mRNA at 24 hours (P><0.05). Conclusion In Wistar-Kyoto rats,angiotens inⅡ has biphasic effects on Ca²⁺ +-ATPase activity,PMCA1 mRNA expression,and activates Na+,K+-ATPase activity and α1 subunit mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner in ASMC. Whereas,in SHR,angiotens inⅡ inhibits Ca²⁺ +-ATPase activity and PMCA1 mRNA expression,and only highdose of angiotensinⅡ suppresses Na+,K+-ATPase activity andα1subunit mRNA expression in ASMC.

Abstract:Aim To clarify the molecular mechanism of protective effect of rosiglitazone on vascular complication of diabetes. Methods Human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) were exposed to medium or high glucose in the presence or absence of different doses of rosiglitazone. Nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) was measured using the electrophoretic mobility shift assay and immunofluorescence. Expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1) was determined by immunofluorescence. Results 25 mmol/L D-glucose significantly induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB in HUVEC (P><0.001 vs that of basal level),which was prevented by 5 and 25 μmol/L of rosiglitazone in a dose-dependent manner. The suppression rate was 25.17% (P>=0.001) and 51.79% (P><0.001). Rosiglitazone also prevented the increased expression of VCAM-1 induced by D-glucose. Conclusion Rosiglitazone directly protects vascular function via inhibition of inflammation in vascular endothelial cells and that is perhaps one of the mechanisms of rosiglitazone improving vascular complication of diabetes.

Abstract:Aim To compare the activities and mRNA expression levels of Na+,K+-ATPase and Ca²⁺+-ATPase in cultured human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (hUAMSC) isolated from neonates with hypertensive family history (FH+)or without hypertensive family history(FH-),and to compare the concentration of angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) and endothelin (ET) in hUASMCs supernatant and then explore the relationships between the ion pumps and autocrine Ang Ⅱ,ET in human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells from FH+. Methods The ion pumps activities in cultured hUASMC were detected by spectrophotography. The mRNA expression of Na+,K+-ATPase α1-subunit and plasma membrane Ca²⁺+-ATPase isoform 1 (PMCA1) in both FH+ and FH-hUASMC was measured by RT-PCR. Radioimmunoassay was used to determine the content of Ang Ⅱ and ET in supernatant of cultured hUASMC. Results The activities of Na+,K+-ATPase and Ca²⁺+-ATPase from FH+ hUASMC were higher than those of FH-group (P><0.05). But the mRNA expression of Na+,K+-ATPase α1-subunit and PMCA1 had no difference between FH+ and FH-. There was no significant difference in Ang Ⅱ,ET concentration in the supernatant of the two-group hUASMC. Conclusion The activities of Na+,K+-ATPase and Ca²⁺+-ATPase are increased in FH+ hUASMC,which may not be related to the mRNA expression of α1-subunit,PMCA1 and the autocrine of Ang Ⅱ and ET.

Abstract:Aim To observe the changes of the ultrastructure and expression of Klotho,intercellular adhesion molecular-1(ICAM-1)and vascular cellular adhesion molecular-1(VCAM-1)genes in the brain tissue of the spontaneously hypertensive rat model treated by medicines. Methods 10 male spontaneously hypertensive rats of 22 weeks age were selected and randomly divided to hypertension and Fosinopril interventive groups,while 5 Wistar-kyoto rats were setted as normal contrast group. The brain ultrastructure of all groups were observed by electron microscope. The expression status of micro-inflammatory factor(ICAM-1 and VCAM-1)and Klotho gene were detected with RT-PCR,immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Results Hypertension might affect the structures of brain neuron,such as nucleus aggregation,nucleus condensation,nucleus fragmentation and apoptotic body formation. But fosinopril treatments could reduce the damage of brain neuron. By RT-PCR Fosinopril treatments could up-regulate the mRNA expression of Klotho gene(P><0.05) and down-regulate the mRNA expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1gene in the brain tissue of the SHR group(P><0.01). At the same time,the results of immunohistochemistry and western-blot verified that fosinopril increased the protein expression of Klotho and depressed the protein expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. These results suggested that fosinopril could protect the neuron function by regulating the expression of Klotho gene and ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. Conclusion Fosinopril could resume the ultrastructure in the brain tissue of the spontaneously hypertensive rat.

Abstract:Aim To investigate the effect of rapamycin on phenotype of VSMC and intimal hyperplasia in rat cardiac allograft. Methods Heterotopic heart transplantation models were established. The experimental rats were divided into four groups. Normal hearts of wistar rats served as controls. In isograft group,hearts from wistar rats were heterotopically transplanted to wistar rats with no immunosuppressant administraiton. In allograft group,hearts from wistar rats were heterotopically transplanted to SD rats. CyclosporineA group had Cyclosporine A,10 mg/(kg·d),administration subcutaneously. Rapamycin group had rapamycin,1.25 mg/(kg·d),administration by oral intubation after cardiac transplantation. All of the animals were killed at 60 day after transplantation. Phenotype of VSMC was observed with electron microscope. Coronary artery were analyzed for intimal area. Immunohistochemistry method was used for analysing the expression of VSM α-actin in the cardiac allograft. Results In normal hearts and isografts,the vascular intimal thickness were lower than those in the allografts. Compared with cyclosporine treated allografts,the vessel disease in Rapamycin treated allografts decreased significantly 60 days after transplantation (P><0.01). In normal hearts and isografts,VSMα-actin was only localized in media. Electron microscope showed VSMC were contractile. VSMα-actin was found in the proliferative vascular intimal in Cyclosporine A treated allografts and electron micro scope showed most of VSMC changed from contractile to synthetic. It was abundant in the proliferative vascular intimal 60 days after transplantation in Cyclosporine A treated allografts while decreased in Rapamycin treated allografts and electron microscope showed the morphologic characteristic of VSMC changed from synthetic to contractile. Conclusion Rapamycin can influence the phenotype transform of VSMC,and reduce the degree of neointimal hyperplasia of transplanted cardiac in rat.

Abstract:Aim To investigate the association between CAG polymorphism sites of MEF2A and severity of coronary artery disease in Han nationality of BeiJINg. Methods Using PCR sequencing method to investigate the genotype of exon 11 of MEF2A of all subjects. Case-control study was used to detect the association of the genotype of 4～8 CAG repeat number with the severity of coronary artery disease. Results In 473 coronary artery disease patients and 303 control individuals,CAG repeat number of exon 11 of MEF2A had polymorphism. Under different heredity mode,there was no significant association between 4～8 CAG repeat number and severity of coronary artery disease. Conclusion The genotype of 4～8 CAG repeat number of the exon 11 of MEF2A gene has no significant association with severity of coronary artery disease in Han nationality of BeiJINg.

Abstract:Aim To determine optimal duration with dual antiplatelet therapy,optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to assess neointimal coverage after implantation of sirolimus-eluting stents. Methods Stent strut intimal coverage at 9 months after Helios stent implantation was assessed by OCT at 1-mm intervals in 10 patients who accepted one year of dual antiplatelet therapy. Results Of 2 063 struts in 296 mm examined,64.6% had no intimal coverage. The average intimal thickness was 95.70±66.62 μm while average lumen percentage of neointimal area was 5.061 8%±5.662 5%. Conclusion The percentage of delayed intimal coverage was high at 9 months after Helios stent implantation,which suggested that duration of dual antiplatelet therapy should be prolonged after Helios stent implantation.

Abstract:Aim To observe the effects of high low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) and fluvastatin on PAC-1 and CD40L expression of platelets in vitro and vivo and investigate its mechanism. Methods In vivo experiments,before and after treatment of fluvastatin for high LDLC patients,the CD40L and PAC-1 positive rate of platelets by flow cytometry were examined under the same conditions. The CD40L and PAC-1 expression of each group were compared. In vitro experiments,after the co-incubation of these chosed plasma or LDLC with the same healthy platelets and the interference with fluvastatin,the PAC-1 and CD40L positive rate of platelets were tested by flow cytometry and platelets total CD40L protein content by Western blotting and CD40L mRNA were examined under the same conditions in all objects. The PAC-1 and CD40L positive rate,the total CD40L content and CD40L mRNA of each group were compared respectively. Results Not only in vivo study but also in vitro study,the platelet PAC-1 and CD40L positive rate in high LDLC group were significant higher than in control group(P all<0.01). Followed the LDLC concentration decrease,the platelet PAC-1 and CD40L positive rate decreased after the treatment of fluvastatin in vivo,but in vitro study,the fluvastatin didn't affect the expression significantly. LDLC itself didn't affect the platelet PAC-1 and CD40L positive rate in

Abstract:Aim To investigate the gender differences of clinical characteristics and lesion morphology in patients with borderline coronary lesions. Methods From February 2007 to May 2009,1 920 patients from 4 first-class teaching hospital of BeiJINg with borderline coronary lesion (stenosis resulting in > 20% and < 70% lumen diameter reduction) confirmed by coronary angiography were enrolled consecutively. A total of 2 215 lesions were analyzed by Quantitative coronary angiography. Results A total of 639 female and 1 281 male were enrolled. Female patients were older than male subjects (65.47±8.60 years old vs 60.30±10.38 years old,P><0.01). The incidence of hypertension and diabetes was higher in female group (74.34% vs 60.50%,P><0.01; 26.45% vs 22.25%,P><0.05),but the incidence of smoking and history of myocardial infarction (MI) and PCI were lower in female group (6.42% vs 48.95%,4.39% vs 12.1%,12.21% vs 18.58%,P><0.01). Compared with male subjects,more female patients were diagnosed as coronary atherosclerosis (40.69% vs 28.81%,P><0.01) and less female patients were diagnosed as acute coronary syndrome (40.54% vs 50.67%,P><0.01). Calcification of lesions were more frequent in female cases (6.36% vs 4.14%,P><0.05) and plaque area was lower than male cases (7.62±3.22 mm2 vs 9.18±4.29 mm2,P><0.01). There was no signifi cant difference between genders with regard to other coronary lesion features. Conclusion Female patients with borderline coronary lesions were older than male subjects and had more concomitant diseases. However,female patients had less severe coronary lesions and higher incidence of calcification than male subjects.

Abstract:Aim To compare and analyze carotid atherosclerosis and coronary artery lesion between Xibo and Han patients with coronary heart disease. Methods Carotid ultrasound was performed in 48 Xibo,57 Han nationality patients and 50 normal controls who had been diagnosed by coronary angiography,then the intima-media thickness (IMT),the prevalence rate of atherosclerotic and Gensini score of coronary artery lesion were compared. Results IMT and prevalence rate of atherosclerotic of Xibo and Han nationality patients were higher than the normal control group (1.1±0.3 mm and 1.0±0.1 mm vs 0.6±0.2 mm,88.3% and 77.2% vs 38.0%,P><0.05),but there was no significant difference between Xibo and Han nationality patients (P>0.05); The number of coronary artery lesion of Xibo nationality patients was less than Han nationality patients (1.82±0.24 vs 2.54±0.31,P><0.05); The Gensini score of coronary artery lesion of Xibo nationality patients was obviously less than Han nationality patients (8.23±1.35 vs 15.84±2.68,P><0.05). Furthermore,the more serious coronary artery lesion,the higher incidence rate of carotid atherosclerosis. Conclusions The carotid atherosclerosis of Xibo and Han nationality patients was serious than the normal control group,but there were no significant differences between Xibo and Han nationality patients; There were differences between Xibo and Han nationality patients about coronary artery lesion,and the coronary artery lesion of Han nationality patients was more serious than Xibo; The extent of IMT can reflect the occurrence and serious extent of coronary artery lesion.

Abstract:Aim To study the differences in radial augmentation index (rAI) between male and female patients without coronary artery disease(CAD) and its influential factors; To assess the differences of peripheral and central pulse wave in men with CAD and without CAD and the influential factors of rAI. Methods Radial arterial waveforms were obtained from 122 subjects using Omron HEM-9000AI. Results Women had high rAI (78.55±13.01 vs 60.67±16.28,P>=0.001) than men with no CAD,multiple liner regression analysis showed that sex,heart rate,height,weight,body mass index,aortic diameter were corrected with rAI. Center pulse pressure(CPP),rAI were higher in male patients with CAD than those without CAD (61.08±20.60 mmHg vs 49.6±12.29 mmHg,P>=0.015;71.69±16.76 vs 60.67±16.28,P>=0.034),multiple liner regression analysis demonstrated that rAI were influenced by heart rate ,left ventricular ejection fraction(EF),central and peripheral pulse pressure,and corrected well with HR,EF,CPP. Conclusion Women had a higher rAI than men without CAD,CPP were also higher in men with CAD than those without CAD,and rAI is associated not only with sex ,age,height,but also influenced by HR and EF. This result suggests that enhanced rAI may not be predicted to the development of CAD in general population ,because it were also associated with cardiac function.

Abstract:Aim To explore the effect of apolipoprotein E (Apo E) polymorphism on chronic heart failure. Methods Based on clinical symptom,left ventricular end diastolic diameter index (LVEDDI),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and fraction shortening (FS),a total of 247 patients sufferring from hypertension and coronary heart disease were divided to two groups:140 patients with normal heart function and 107 patients with chronic systolic heart dysfunction. Polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragments length polymorphism was used to determine the Apo E genotypes for all patients. Results The ε4 allele frequency and the Apo E ε4 carriers were significantly higher in the heart dysfunction patients group than those in the normal heart function group (P><0.05). The Apo E ε4 was an independent risk factor for chronic heart dysfunction in the population of hypertension and coronary heart disease (P><0.01). Conclusion The Apo E ε4 may represent an important genetic risk factor for the development of chronic heart failure in the population of hypertension and coronary heart disease.

Abstract:Aim To evaluate the left ventricular functions of acute organophosphate poisoning patient(AOPP)using mitral annular motion velocities measured by Doppler tissue imaging (DTI). Methods Tissue Doppler velocity mode was used to observe mitral annulus movement in 78 cases with AOPP and 32 healthy adults. After mitral annular pulsed-wave rate of E/A were measured by traditional echocardiographic,the peak value of mitral annular early diastolic velocity (Em),late diastolic velocity(Am)were analyzed by DTI. Results E/A>Em/Am>1 was observd in health control group as well as the mild-moderate AOPP; Em/AmP><0.001). Conclusion The left ventricle function,in terms of contraction and relaxation,was decreased in the cases with severe AOPP compared with health control group and mild-moderate group. TDI is a useful tool to assess left ventricle function in the cases with AOPP.

Abstract:Aim To compare the coronary stent implantation between different types of coronary plaque by retrospectively investigating patients who received 64-slice spiral computed tomography coronary angiography before coronary stent implantation. Methods 86 patients who received 64-slice spiral computed tomography angiography before stent implantation from 2007 to 2009 were selected. 137 stents were implanted. Those coronary atherosclerotic plaques were divided into calcified plaque group and noncalcified plaque group based on average computed tomography value of plaque. Clinical character,ballon size,balloon predilation pressure,stent size,stent release pressure in two groups were compared. Results The age of patients in noncalcified plaque group was relatively younger than that in calcified plaque group. The low-density lipoprotein in noncalcified plaque group was higher than that in calcified plaque group. The proportion of 1-vessel disease in noncalcified plaque group was higher than that in calcified plaque group. The size of ballon and stent were similar in those two groups. The balloon predilation pressure in calcified plaque group was higher than that in noncalcified plaque group(898.93±159.67 kPa vs 810.22±112.61 kPa,P><0.01). Stent release pressure in calcified plaque group was higher than that in noncalcified plaque group(1 403.90±273.12 kPa vs 1 243.79±254.12 kPa,P><0.01). Conclusion Compared with noncalcified plaque,calcified plaque was stiffer,and had higher resistance to balloon predilation and stent angioplasty. Identifying the type of plaque before coronary stent implantation was significant.

Abstract:Aim To investigate the relationship of serum adiponectin and atherosclerosis(As) in type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM). Methods 90 patients of ischemic cerebrovascular disease were divided into type 2 diabetes group (47 cases) and non-diabetic group (43 cases) according to diagnostic criteria of T2DM and carotid artery lesions. Type 2 diabetes group's patients were divided into mild stenosis group (12 cases),moderate stenosis group (27 cases) and severe stenosis group (8 cases). The extent of coronary artery stenosis was evaluated by cerebral angiography,the serum adiponectin,fasting blood glucose and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were detected. Results The adiponectin levels of type 2 diabetes group was significantly lower,the fasting blood glucose and hs-CRP of lesion group significantly increased,compared with the no lesion group (P><0.05); The adiponectin levels of moderate and severe stenosis group was significantly lower,the fasting blood glucose and hs-CRP of moderate and severe stenosis group significantly increased,compared with the mild stenosis group (P><0.05); The adiponectin levels of severe stenosis group was significantly lower,the fasting blood glucose and hs-CRP of severe stenosis group significantly increased,compared with the moderate stenosis group (P><0.05). The adiponectin levels and hs-CRP levels and degree of arterial involvement was significantly negatively correlated (r=-0.469 2,-0.392 5,P><0.01),while the hs-CRP levels and degree of arterial involvement were significantly correlated (r=0.892 5,P><0.01). Conclusion The adiponectin levels and carotid artery stenosis has a good correlation,the low adiponectin levels is a good indicator for predicting the diabetic patients,the occurrence of coronary atherosclerosis and the extent of lesion development.

Abstract:Aim To investigate the relationship between hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods 173 cases of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with blood samples were collected to detect the creatinine,blood lipids,homocysteine (Hcy) and other values,and in accordance with the level of creatinine and TG were divided into four groups:normal triglyceride (TG) level group in renal compensatory,HHcy in renal compensatory,normal TG level group in renal decompensatory and HHcy in renal decompensatory. Results Hcy levels were significantly higher in HTG group than that in normal TG group (P><0.05),but the correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation (P>0.05). Conclusion HTG and HHcy is not correlated in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Abstract:Aim To investigate the current epidemiological characteristics of dyslipidemia among rural hypertensive female adults in Liaoning province and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of dyslipoproteinemia in China. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted during 2004～2006 through a cluster multistage sampling to a resident group of 3 607 individuals with hypertension,aged ≥35 years,in the countryside of Liaoning,China. Serum lipids levels were proposed by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ. Results Of the study population 36.2% had borderline high total cholesterol (TC),18.2% had high TC; and 7.5% had low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC); The population with borderline high,high,and very high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) was 17.2%,3.9% and 1.0%,respectively; In addition,17.6% had borderline high triglycerides (TG),20.0% had high TG and 1.9% had very high TG. The age-specific prevalence of borderline high and high TC increased with age (P><0.001). The prevalence decreased from 35 years old in HDLC (P><0.001). Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia was relatively high among rural female hypertensive patients in Liaoning province. It is very important to prevent and control dyslipidemia,so as to prevent these people from cerebrovascular diseases.

Abstract:Recently many studies have strongly approved that the incidence and morbidity of cardiovascular diseases are much higher in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) than in general population. Beside the traditional risk factors,SLE related factors,such as autoantibodies,inflammatory response,oxidative imbalance and drugs might play a prior role. Early diagnosis and intervention of atherosclerosis for SLE patients have important significance in prognosis.

Abstract:Visfatin is a newly found novel adipokine having high expression in adipocyte. It not only can produce insulin-like effect,but also is related to oxygen deficit,vulnerable plaque rupture,endothelial disfunction,angiogenesis,inflammation and metabolism of glucose and lipid. Visfatin may play an important role in the progress of atherosclerosis. The finding of vistatin will provide new ideas in studying the atherosclerosis-related diseases,which will provide new target for the atherosclerosis-related disease therapy.

Abstract:Universal human is susceptible to helicobacter pylori (HP). Many studies declare that the prevalence of HP is higher in diabetes patients than that in non-diabetes,and HP infection is a risk factor of cardiocerebrovascular disease and peripheral vessel disease in diabetes patients. But other studies show that HP infection is not associated with diabetes mellitus and large vascular disease in diabetes patients. The relationship between HP infection and large vascular disease in diabetes need to be further researched.