Abstract:Aim To explore the characteristics and risk factors of malignant ventricular arrhythmia(MVA)in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI). Methods 371 patients with STEMI treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) were studied.STEMI patients were divided into MVA group(n=38) and the group without MVA according to whether patients with ventricular fibrillation and sustained ventricular tachycardia before and during primary PCI.Age,gender,history of angina,previous MI,history of hypertension,history of diabetes,history of smoking,Killip class,location of MI,number of vessels,crime vessel,time between onset of symptoms and admission,triglycerides,cholesterol,high density lipoprotein,low density lipoprotein,glycated hemoglobin,fibrinogen,D-dimer,blood urea nitrogen,creatinine,serum potassium,uric acid,blood glucose,leukocyte,neutrophil percentage,and hemoglobin were recorded and compared between MVA group and the group without MVA.The risk factors of MVA were determined by Logistic regression analysis. Results Logistic regression analysis showed the Killip class and creatinine were major risk factors of MVA in patients with STEMI.The highest contribution was Killip class. Conclusion Higher Killip class is a vital determinant of MVA in patients with STEMI before and during primary PCI.

Abstract:Aim To evaluate the value of peripheral atherosclerosis,including ocular fundus atherosclerosis(OFA),brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(BaPWV)and ankle-brachial index(ABI),in predicting the extent of coronary artery lesions according to coronary angiography(CAG). Methods 472 consecutive patients who had taken CAG were studied.All patients were underwent OFA,BaPWV,ABI,color doppler echocardiography(UCG) examination and serum factors evaluation in addition to history collection,which were divided into two groups according to the result of the CAG.Group one was non-coronary artery disease(CAD),which has a normal result of CAG;group two was CAD group,which has an abnormal result of CAG(coronary lesions≥50%).CAD group was divided into two sub-groups according to the lesions of the vessels.Sub-group one has single or two vessels lesion;sub-group two has three or more vessels lesion or left main lesion.A Logistic regression model for predicting coronary lesions on the basis of OFA and other risk factors was obtained.A receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to assess the performance of the Logistic regression model. Results On the one hand,the CAD group as the dependent variable and the risk factors as the independent variable: diabetes mellitus,BaPWV>14 m/s,typical symptom of chest pain,two or more grade of OFA and UCG showing abnormal motion of ventricular were applied into the model.Only typical symptom of chest pain had a statistical significance to the CAD(OR=7.220,ROC=0.736±0.024,P=0.000).But other factors such as two or more grade of OFA(OR=3.969,P=0.056),BaPWV>14 m/s(OR=2.846,P=0.061),diabetes mellitus(OR=2.769,P=0.063) and UCG showing abnormal motion of ventricular(OR=2.513,P=0.070) had no statistical significance to the CAD.On the other hand,the sub-group as the dependent variable and the risk factors as the independent variable: diabetes mellitus(OR=3.210,P=0.054),two or more grade of OFA(OR=3.014,P=0.062),BaPWV>14 m/s(OR=2.860,P=0.063) were applied into the model,all these factors had no statistical significance to predict the three or more vessels lesion.However,if any two of them were combined,two or more grade of OFA and BaPWV>14 m/s had a statistical significance to predict the three or more vessels lesion(OR=6.428,ROC=0.736±0.024,P=0.041);If all the three factors were combined,they had a very statistical significance to predict the three or more vessels lesion of the coronary(OR=43.466,ROC=0.736±0.024,P=0.000). Conclusion The typical symptom of chest pain is positively correlated with the result of CAG,which is useful for predicting the coronary artery disease.Diabetes mellitus,two or more grade of OFA and BaPWV>14 m/s are positively correlated with the vessels lesion of the coronary and these three factors combination is powerful for predicting the three or more vessels lesion of the coronary.

Abstract:Aim To study the risk factors of progressive ischemic stroke(PIS) and provide reference for the mechanism of PIS. Methods 356 cases of PIS patients were analyzed retrospectively and were divided into progress groups and non-progress group with four types according to OCSP.Compared the incidence of various subtype,the related factors of PIS were analyzed by logistic regression method,screening PIS risk factors. Results The incidence of TACI subtype was the highest than that of the other subtypes(P<0.05). The hypertension history and the incidence of carotid atherosclerosis in the progress groups were significantly higher than that of the non-progress group(P<0.05),the blood glucose,cholesterol,triglycerides and fibrinogen level in the progress groups were significantly higher than that of the non-progress group(P<0.05).Carotid atherosclerosis and high blood sugar were the risk factors of PIS. Conclusion The incidence of PIS in the OCSP subtypes was varied;the incidence of PIS was the highest in the TACI subtype;Carotid atherosclerosis and high blood sugar were the risk factors of PIS.

Abstract:Aim To investigate the value of hypertension with hyperuricemia for the assessment of the presence and severity of coronary artery disease(CAD). Methods The association between hyperuricemia with hypertension and the presence and severity of coronary artery disease was investigated in 662 patients with clinically suspected coronary artery disease.According to the incidence of hypertension and hyperuricemia all patients were divided into four groups.They were 91 cases of hypertension with hyperuricemia,259 cases of hypertensive patients.Hyperuricemia alone were 77 cases,and no disease of hyperuricemia and high blood pressure were 235 cases.All patients who underwent coronary angiography were divided into 458 cases of CAD group and 204 cases of non-CAD group based on the severity of coronary artery disease.Severity of coronary artery disease was evaluated using the Gensini score index. Results The serum uric acid levels(358.1±95.1 μmol/L) and the prevalence of hypertension(52.6%)and hyperuricemia(30.8%)were higher in CAD patients than those in without CAD(P<0.05).There were interactions between hyperuricemia and hypertension which were significant predictors for present of CAD.The Gensini scores of CAD patients who complicated with both hyperuricemia and hypertension were the highest.There was a linear trend between higher prevalence of hypertension with hyperuricemia and increasing numbers of disease vessel. Conlusion Serum uric acid in combination with hypertension may have some clinical significance in evaluating the degree and risk of coronary artery disease.

Abstract:Aim To evaluate if the prognosis was different between coronary bifurcation lesions and non-coronary bifurcation lesions when treated with drug-eluting stents. Methods For this retrospective study,1877 patients were enrolled.568 cases were coronary bifurcation lesions and 1309 cases were non-coronary bifurcation lesions.All of the patients were treated with Excel stents.Clinical follow-up at 6 months,12 months and 18 months were completed in all patients to evaluate the safety and efficacy. Results There were no differences on the rate of death(including cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic),non-fatal myocardial infarction and major adverse cardiac events(MACE) at 6 months,12 months and 18 months between the two groups.There were no differences on the rate of target lesion revascularization(TLR) at 6 months and 12 months.The rate of TLR was higher at 18 months in the coronary bifurcation lesions group. Conclusion It was safe and efficient to treat coronary bifurcation lesions with Excel stent.

Abstract:Aim To explore the effect of Shuxuetong injection combined with captopril on elderly hypertension patients' plasma endothelin(ET) and nitric oxide(NO) contents. Methods Elderly patients with hypertension were randomly divided into treatment group(n=40) and control group(n=36).Treatment group was treated with Shuxuetong injection and captopril,while control group was only given captopril,with 14d as a period course.The change of circadian rhythm of blood pressure,plasma ET and NO after treated for one course was observed. Results The treatment group was better than control group in antihypertensive effects(P<0.01).The improvement of rhythm diurnal variation by traditional and western medicine was better than control group in elderly hypertension.Compared with control group,treatment group's change of plasma ET and NO level had significant difference(P<0.05). Conclusions The combination of Shuxuetong injection and captopril can effectively improve elderly patients' circadian rhythm of blood pressure,increase the NO contents and decrease plasma ET.It has a better effect of longtime hypotensive,and it is worth in clinical widely.

Abstract:Aim To investigate the risk factors of cardiovascular adverse events in hemodialysis patients. Methods We randomly selected 67 cases of endstage renal disease(ESRD) who accepted maintenance hemodialysis in our hospital from January 2009 to December 2009.The patients were divided into two groups according to whether there had cardiovascular adverse events since 5 months ago.The chart of each patient were recorded and analyzed. Results The factors of age,dialysis age,systolic blood pressure,blood cholesterol and low density lipoprotein in cardiovascular events group was significantly higher than the group of non-cardiovascular events(P<0.05). Conclusions Age,dialysis age,systolic blood pressure and low density lipoprotein were the risk factors for cardiovascular adverse events,effectively controlling the blood pressure and lipid levels in dialysis patients was conducive to the prevention of cardiovascular adverse events.

Abstract:Aim To study the clinical effects of atorvastatin treatment on chronic heart failure of non-ischemic heart disease,as the basis for clinical treatment of the disease. Methods 93 cases with chronic heart failure of non-ischemic heart disease from January 2008 to June 2010 Division I hospital for treatment were selected,and in accordance with the treatment randomly divided into treatment group and control group.Heart function and cardiac indices were observed and compared before and after treatment in the two groups. Results The total effective rate was 89.13%(41/46) in the treatment group,while the control group was only 63.83%(30/47).The total effective rate in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Before treatment,LVEF and LVDD had no significant difference in the two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,LVEF and LVDD were significantly improved in the two groups(P<0.05),and the improvement of LVEF and LVDD in the treatment group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusions Atorvastatin treatment of non-ischemic heart disease with chronic heart failure has a good therapeutic effect,which can be widely applied in clinical practice.

Abstract:Aim To investigate temporary core venous cannula hemodialysis patient's pipe related complication and its relationship with time and position of pipe incubation. Methods Collect 753 patients with core venous cannula hemodialysis,analyze risk factors correlated with hemodialysis patient's pipe related complication,investigate incubation time and position's impact on pipe related complication. Results The locatong of deep venous intubation,resistant time are both relevant to catheter-related infection,cathter insufficiency,superior vena cava obstruction syndrome.Right venae jugularis interna intubation can evidently reduce the incidence of catheter-related infection,superior vena cava obstruction syndrome,and we also prove that catheter insufficiency has relevation to the location of the catheter,but not the time.Conclusion Location of catheter,resistant time of catheter and age are key risk factors of catheter-related infection,cathter insufficiency,superior vena cava obstruction syndrome.

Abstract:Aim To discuss a set of system to culture vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC),vascular adventitial fibroblast(VAF) and vascular endothelial cell(VEC) from murine aorta,which are simple,reliable and easy to replicate. Methods The primary culture of VSMC,VAF and VEC used the tissue adherent method,trypsin digestion for passage transfer. The cells were purified by differential adherent and natural growth purification. Myofibroblast(MF) was transformed from VAF by growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) induced. Phase contrast microscope and immunocytochemistry staining were used to identify the morphological and the immunological characteristics,respectively. Results The tissues and cells activity were excellent. The growth cycle of primary VSMC/VAF and VEC were 10~12 days and 12~14 days,respectively. And passage cycle was 7~10 days. After being purified and subculture,the cells purity achieved 95%~100%. The growth characteristics of VSMC assumed the model "peak and valley",and with anti α-SMA(+) /Vimentin(-);the VEC assumed "pebble-like" appearance,and anti CD31(+)/α-SMA(-);the staining of VAF were Vimentin(+)/α-SMA(-),while the induction MF were Vimentin(+)/α-SMA(+). The primary cells were successfully passaged more than 10 generations,without growth vigor decreasing. Conclusion We have established a set of system methods to culture the primary VEC,VSMC,VAF and MF of rat aorta origin,the advantages of our approach are simple,reliable and easy to replicate,while the cells have high purity and excellent biological activity. This method is still suitable for culturing the ingredient cell of mouse aorta vessel wall.

Abstract:microRNA(miRNA) are short,about 22-nucleotides-long non-coding RNA.microRNA typically control the expression of their target genes in post-transcriptional level by imperfect base pairing to the 3′ untranslated regions of mRNA.microRNA are involved in the control of a wide range of biological functions including development,differentiation and apoptosis.Whats more,misexpression of microRNA has been discovered as a pathogenic mechanism in several diseases,such as viral infections,diabetes mellitus,cardiovascular diseases and cancers.As the list of microRNA grows,there is a growing awareness of their importance in the regulation of substance metabolism.In this review,we first outline the biogenesis and mechanism of microRNA,and then discuss their relevance to cholesterol metabolism.

Abstract:Tanshinone is the active ingredient in Salvia miltiorrhiza and Tanshinone ⅡA,which participates in biochemical processes by many ways and possesses diverse biological activity,such as dilates coronary arteries,antiatherosclerosis and anti-cardiac hypertrophy and so on.Tanshinone ⅡA is widely used in treatment of cardiovascular disorders.This overview discusses current research status of Tanshinone ⅡA in cardiovascular effects at home and abroad.