Abstract:Lipoprotein(a) is a high risk factor for the formation and progression of atherosclerosis, and high level of lipoprotein(a) has been confirmed as a predictor of coronary heart disease. Because it is mainly controlled by genetics, diet, exercise, lifestyle, traditional lipid-lowering drugs have little effect on lipoprotein(a) level. With the deepening research, the metabolism, pathogenesis and harm of lipoprotein(a) have been gradually understood. Oxidized modified lipoprotein(a) has a stronger atherogenic effect. New lipid lowering drugs that reduce lipoprotein(a) have been developed, each of them has different target, functional intensity and mechanism of action on lowering lipoprotein(a), and the effect on the prognosis of the disease remains to be observed. This paper reviews the research progress of lipoprotein(a) metabolism, genetic regulation, oxidative modification and clinical intervention.

Abstract:Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the most common monogenic disorder of lipid metabolism. The total cholesterol levels begin to rise during fetal stage, which leads to premature coronary heart disease. The diagnosis of FH is based on the serum concentration of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), xanthomas, premature coronary heart disease and genetic test. While early detection and intervention are all crucial to the prognosis, the diagnosis rate and LDLC control rates after lipid-lowering drug treatment are extremely low in China.

Abstract:Aim To investigate the plasma total cholesterol （TC），triglyceride （TG），high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDLC），low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDLC），and non high density lipoprotein cholesterol （nHDLC） levels，lipid layer，risk assessment，treatment recommendations and drug treatment in Kailuan community and provide data for the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia，and for further prevention and control of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Methods From 2010 to 2011，a total of 92967 cases in the Kailuan community were censured，serum TC，TG，LDLC，HDLC were measured at the central laboratory of Kailuan hospital. Lipid layer，assessment of risks，recommendations and drug treatment were given in different gender and age. Results The study included 69488 men and 19228 women from the Kailuan community. The mean fasting plasma lipids were: TC （male 4.93 mmol/L，female 5.00 mmol/L），LDLC （male 2.58 mmol/L，female 2.55 mmol/L），TG （male 1.32 mmol/L，female 1.17 mmol/L），HDLC （male 1.51 mmol/L，female 1.64 mmol/L） ，nHDLC （male 3.42 mmol/L，female 3.36 mmol/L）. Lipids level was higher in female than that of male after the age of 50～59. After adjusted by age and sex，high TC，TG，LDLC prevalence （male 7.48%，20.67%，2.59%，female 9.04%，9.97% and 2.88%） and the prevalence of low HDLC （male 11.52%，female 5.80%） were showed. The proportion of recommended drug treatment was 11.56% in male and 11.98% in female. After the age of 55～59，the proportion of recommended drug treatment were higher in female. In the recommended drug treatment group，only 2.28% male and 2.60% female was taking lipid-lowering drugs. Conclusion Lipids level was high in Kailuan community. According to the guidelines recommend，the proportion of actually taking lipid-lowering drugs was low. The focus group for lipids prevention was female after the age of 55～59.