Aim: To explore whether lipid peroxidation (LPx)is capable of inducing the expression of cellular adhesion molecules (CAMs ) to increase monocyte (MC )adhesion to endothelial cells (EC).Methods: LPx in EC was initiated with diamide (DM), the content of lipid peroxide (LPO) in EC and MC adherence were rneasured. After the EC was stained with irnmunofluorescence, the expression of vascular cell adhesion rnolecule (VCAM-1 ) and endothelial leukocyte adhesion moIecule (ELAM-1 ) was studied under laser confocal microscopy.Results: After LPO content in EC increased, EC expressed VCAM-1 and ELAM-1. The expression of VCAM-1 and ELAM-1 was upregulated in a time-dependent way (1, 2, 4 and 8 h ) and correlated with a significant increase of MC adherence to EC.Conclusion: LPx could induce the expression of CAMs in EC to enhance adherence of MC to EC and migration of MC into subendothelial space which is crucial for initiation and development of atheroscleroticles ions.