Aim To analyze the expression profile of lipid metabolism related genes in human fetus liver by cDNA microarray and fluorescent semi quantitative PCR. Methods 33P labeled cDNA probes were prepared by RT PCR using mRNA from human fetus livers of the first and the third trimester of the gestation. The probes were hybridized with human gene chip containing 16 363 clones. The hybridizing signals were scanned by ELA 300 Plate/Fluorescent Image Analyzer. The differential expressed genes were conformed by fluorescent semi quantitative PCR. Results The expression of fatty acid decomposation related genes increased and the expression of genes associated with fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis decreased with the increase of the gestation,among 28 differential expressed genes (at least 2 fold). Measurement of lipids levels in 15 fetus livers showed that the contents of total cholesterol and triglycerides decreased with the increase of the gestation. Conclusion The synthesis of cholesterol and triglycerides and their levels in fetus livers would decrease as the fetus develops.