Aim To investigate the effects of Stichopus Variegatus Compound on cell intima hyperplasia of rabbit. Methods Thirty seven male New Zealand rabbits were allocated randomly into 4 group: normal control group, modle group, Stichopus group, Simvastatin group. All rabbits were killed after 6 weeks and iliac arteries were removed. With HE staining, we observed artery morphology alteration and measured the thickness of arterial intima and media. The expression of growth factor basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transfer growth factor β 1 (TGF-β 1) and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) were observed by hybridization in situ method. Apoptosis gene bcl-2 and bax were tested by immunohistochemistry staining. Results In comparison with modle group, the thickness of intima and ratio of intima to media and the expression of PDGF and TGF-β 1 in treatment group notably decreased (p<0.01, 0.01, 0.05, 0.05, respectively). The expression of bax in treatment group were significantly highter than that in modle group (p<0.05). There were no differences between Simvastatin group and Stichopus group. Conclusions Stichopus Variegatus Compound can effectively relieve stenosis of lumen of blood vessel, which may partly attributed to its function of inhibiting the hyperplasia and promoting the apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC).