Aim To measure the intima-media thickness (IMT) of bilateral carotid arteries with ultrasonography,and assess the relationship of carotid atherosclerosis (CAs) and the main risk factors. Methods 147 subjects were detected with carotid ultrasonography. The measurement of IMT of bilateral carotid arteries was performed. IMT>1.0 mm was taken as the diagnostic standard for CAs and all the subjects were divided into CAs group and non-CAs group. Many potential risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis were compared between the two groups. Results In the simple variable analysis, age, smoking index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, body weight index, diabetes mellitus, family history of coronary artery disease and male sex were the main risk factors for CAs (p<0.05～p<0.01). Multivariable analysis showed the important risk factors of CAs were male sex,age,systolic blood pressure,total cholesterol and smoking index (p<0.01). Conclusions The main risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis are consistent with that of the coronary artery disease. These risk factors may play an important role in the systemic atherosclerosis